Suchergebnisse

Together, men, masculinities and health comprise an emerging area of research, activism and policy debate. International research on men's health demonstrates how men's enactment of masculinity may be linked to their sexual health risk. However, little research to date has explored men's enactment of different forms of masculinity and men's sexual health from a social generational perspective. To address this gap, insights from Mannheim's work on social generations, Connell's theory of masculinity, Butler's theory of gender performativity, and Alldred and Fox's work on the sexuality-assemblage, were utilised to offer a better understanding of the implications of masculinities for men's sexual health. A multi-site cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted in three cities in Bangladesh. Semi-structured interviews were used to capture narratives from 34 men representing three contrasting social generations: an older social generation (growing up pre-1971), a middle social generation (growing up in the 1980s and 1990s), and a younger social generation (growing up post-2010). A thematic approach was applied to analysis to identify the key issues focused upon in men's accounts. The analysis revealed generational differences and similarities in the construction of masculinity, in sexual practices and in help and health-seeking practices. Findings show that certain ideals of masculinity were common across all social generations. However, social, cultural, economic and political transformations in Bangladesh have produced significant cross-generational differences and discontinuities. Study findings point to the importance of understanding how the production and enactment of specific forms of masculinity are shaped by education, urbanisation, and globalisation, as well as by the cultural dynamics of religion (especially Islam), work, homosociality, patriarchy and heteronormativity, and how these in turn affect sexual health and health-seeking practices. This thesis contributes to a socially located understanding of masculinities, gender and men's sexual health from a social generational perspective. It argues for the need to move beyond stereotypical, reductionist, essentialist and binary understandings of men, masculinity, gender and health in the South Asian contexts, highlighting opportunities for new forms of intervention and action to promote men's sexual health.

Introduction: The burden of mental illness is increasing in Pakistan as political instability, violence and terrorism beset the country. Mental health in Pakistan can be examined from three perspectives—services, research and policy. Services are provided in major public sector hospitals and some private institutions. Trained health professionals including psychiatrists and clinical psychologists are limited, and people often access faith healers for mental illnesses. Research on mental health is also being conducted, the focus being on the clinical aspects of mental health. Public health initiatives in Pakistan are yet to develop disease prevention and health promotion programmes. Intervention studies on the social context of women's mental health are scarce. There is a mental health policy and a mental health Ordinance, Pakistan's National health policy documents do not integrate mental health as a priority area. Women's mental health, in contrast, is well recognized as an issue, but no national or provincial programme is to be found. Main Body: This chapter has two reviews—one, the mental health services in Pakistan, and two, the nature of research on mental health in Pakistan. It also includes what urban and rural women at community level have said about mental health. Women's voices have been taken from two community-based research initiatives in three sites in Sindh and Baluchistan. What women say about mental health is juxtaposed with the services offered and research priorities in Pakistan. The three areas of services, research and women's account of their needs are examined, and way forward is proposed. Discussion: The analysis of policies, mental health services and research helps identify the possible consonance between what women want and what is available. Gaps between what women want and what they get are highlighted and further analysed for identifying policy entry points, need for human resource development and research agenda for mental health. Based on this analysis a framework for advancing mental health of women is developed and recommendations prepared for improvement in women's mental health in Pakistan. Implications: The importance of listening to women's understanding of their mental health needs serious consideration by researchers and health providers. Researchers could pay more attention to searching for research methods that allow for expansion of women's voices to deal with the stressors they carry. Response: Two Urdu poets have written poems after reading the chapter.

Purpose
COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the lives of people and businesses around the world in different ways. France, Spain, Italy and the UK are among the worst affected countries by this pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to identify and compare different corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities taken by the clubs and player of the major football leagues of these four countries to develop a more comprehensive model of intervention.


Design/methodology/approach
This paper has analyzed the initiatives taken by these football clubs and players to address financial vulnerabilities, mental health problems and domestic violence among the stakeholders and compared them with the existing CSR and humanitarian models. A case study approach has been used to collect and analyze data related to the CSR activities taken by the players and club management. Official websites of the clubs, newspaper and journal articles were among the major sources used to collect data for the paper.


Findings
Football clubs and players of the four major leagues have raised funds through different campaigns and delivered foods and essential medical supplies to the communities and hospitals to address financial vulnerabilities, mental health issues and domestic violence within their communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. They have provided guidance to their followers using social and television media to improve their physical and mental health during the pandemic. Online competitions, quizzes or virtual hangouts have also been used by the players to engage the stakeholders on a frequent basis. Football clubs have also initiated campaigns to raise awareness within the community on available medical services for the victims of domestic violence and also provided them with shelter, food, medical, legal and online counseling services.


Originality/value
Football clubs and players of the major leagues were always at the forefront to help the communities and hospitals to address issues related to mental health problems, financial vulnerabilities and domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this paper could help and guide other entities in designing a more comprehensive model of CSR interventions during pandemics or crisis situations to address financial vulnerabilities, mental health problems and domestic violence within their communities.

The Sudan Research Unit was established as an inter-disciplinary unit in the Faculty of Arts of the University of Khartoum in July 1964. Its objectives were specified broadly as the promotion of research in the human and social sciences concerning the Sudan, assisting research on projects which need co-ordination of different disciplines, training research workers, and sponsoring publication reports on their progress and results. The Sudan Research Unit also maintains contact with other centres of Sudanese studies and with centres of African studies in general. It is not at present giving any Sudanese courses, although it plans to do so in future. The Unit now organises a fortnightly postgraduate seminar on African studies, dealing with subjects of general interest.

BACKGROUND: During the time a diarrhea patient presents at a health facility, the household members of the patient are at higher risk of developing diarrheal diseases (> 100 times for cholera) than the general population. The Cholera-Hospital-based-Intervention-for-7-Days (CHoBI7) is a health facility-initiated water treatment and handwashing with soap intervention designed to reduce transmission of diarrheal diseases between patients and their household members. The present research aimed to (1) develop a scalable approach to integrate the CHoBI7 intervention program into services provided at government and private health facilities in Bangladesh; and (2) tailor the intervention program for the household members of all diarrhea patients, irrespective of the etiology of disease. METHODS: We conducted 8 months of formative research, including 60 semi-structured interviews, 2 group discussions, and a pilot study. Thirty-two interviews were conducted with diarrhea patients and their family caregivers, government stakeholders, and health care providers both to explore existing WASH and diarrhea patient care practices in health facilities and to identify considerations for scaling the CHoBI7 program. Fifty-two diarrhea patient households participated in a pilot study of a modified version of the CHoBI7 intervention program for tailoring. Twenty-eight interviews and 2 group discussions were conducted with pilot households to explore experiences with and recommendations for intervention delivery. RESULTS: The intervention program was modified based on formative research findings. Pilot study participants recognized the benefits of the CHoBI7 intervention program and made suggestions to improve the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. Modifications included 1) providing additional pictorial modules, cues to action, enabling technologies, and supplies for safe drinking water and handwashing with soap behaviors in the health facility; 2) switching out technology prone to breaks and leaks as well as ...

This article discusses the batik design of Parang Rusak Barong found in Yogyakarta and Surakarta palaces, as the centres of cultural development. The factors explaining the the commonalities and differences are examined both internally and externally. The research is qualitative in nature and employes multi­disiplinary approach focusing on fine arts. The fine arts approach adopted here is the aesthetic one. This approach is complentarily supported by theories originating from history, communication, anthropology, archeology, and sosiology. The major commonalities and differences between Parang Rusak Barong batik design of Yogyakarta and that of Yogyakarta is found in the form and colour structures. The form meant here is the line composition forming isen­isen design, while colour meant here is the intensity found in the design. Thera are no commonalities and differences in terms of function and meaning. The factors responsible for the fissures and commonalities are: internally regulations and policies issued by each palace, and externally, the developing socio­economic conditions and the policies of the Indonesian government in tourism sector and batik standardization in Indonesia.Keywords: batik design, comparation, Parang Rusak Barong, Surakarta, Yogyakarta

Message from EditorDear Readers,It is the great honor for us to publish seventh issue of Global Journal of Sociology. Global Journal of Sociology welcomes original empirical investigations and comprehensive literature review articles focusing on sociological issues. The scope of Global Journal of Sociology includes, but is not limited to the following major topics as Child, Youth and Old Age, Communication and Art, Culture and Changes, Deviance and Social Control, Economy and Development, Education, Ethnic Relations, Human Rights and Collective Good, Gender and Human Rights, Identity, Image and Social Cohesion, Localization and Globalization, Organizations, Professions and Work, Political Sociology and Law Issues, Social Security and Public Health, Sociology of Marriage and Family, Sociology of Population and Migration, Sociology of Religion, Collective Behavior and Social Movements and Theoretical, Comparative and Historical Studies.Parent-child interaction in the context of sports, emotional commitment and organizational citizenship and academic mobility topics have been included into this issue. The topics of the next issue will be different. You can make sure that we will be trying to serve you with our journal with a rich knowledge in which different kinds of topics are discussed in 2016 Volume.A total number of ten (10) manuscripts were submitted for this issue and each paper has been subjected to double-blind peer review process by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total number of three (3) high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.We present many thanks to all the contributors who helped us to publish this issue. Best regards,Dr. Mustafa GündüzEditor – in Chief

The study sought to identify the effectiveness of social networks as a tool for E-collaborative learning on knowledge acquisition among the students of the Faculty of Education at Al-Aqsa University and satisfaction towards it. To answer the study questions, the developmental research methodology and a one experimental group design with Pre-Post Tests was selected. So, the researchers developed: List of content Analysis of "Evaluation & Measurement" Course, Social networks strategy design as E-collaborative learning tool using Elgazzar (2012) ISD model, two approved research tools (knowledge acquisition and satisfaction). Participants were 33 students of the Faculty of Education at Al-Aqsa University. The study concluded that: 1. There are significant differences at level (a = 0.01) between the two means of pre-post scores of the Acquisition of knowledge and favor to the post test 2. There are significant differences at level (a = 0.01) between the two means of pre-post scores of the total score and the dimensions of the satisfaction and favor to the post test.

The Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) is a technology that is rapidly being adopted for the poverty reduction strategies in developing countries. Different ICT initiatives including telecenters had remarkable achievement for rural development in recent years. Most of the telecenters are established in urban or semi-urban areas. The telecenter initiatives were started in Bangladesh very recently, and are growing very fast. This emergence led to the motivation of this study and the need to assess the cause behind the obstacles and opportunities. The study was supported by fieldwork during November 2006 to May 2007 on eight different models of telecenters in Bangladesh. A sample of 144 respondents was interviewed from all relevant groups. Three research methods were used for this study: survey interviews, focus group interviews, and an analysis of existing data. The aim of the study was to identify services provided by the telecenters, further the opportunities and cause behind the success or failure of the projects. The study was also intended to examine the issues affecting community uptake and appropriation of ICT services for livelihood development of rural communities, and reasons of lowadoption of ICT to the rural areas. This study was found five centers achieved their success by providing access to information to the rural communities, i.e. Village Information Center, ICT and Resource Centre for the Disabled, Amader Gram Giyan Kendra, Youth Community Multimedia Centre, and Amader Gram Health Center. The rest of centers were struggling for success and sustainability. This study found five centers achieved their success by providing access to information to the ruralcommunities. The major groups (36%) of the telecenter users were in the 20-30 years agegroup, 36% of the users were women, 40% of the respondents knew about the telecenterfrom friends and relatives while none got this information from government sources.40% of the respondents use the telecenters services at least once ...

AbstractWe investigate how distance from healthcare centres affects service utilization for women and children. Relying on five rounds of recent nationally representative demographic and health survey data from Bangladesh, our logistic regression analyses reveal that proximity to healthcare centres barely affects the utilization of healthcare services for women and children, even in rural areas. Interestingly, this indicates that the government's preferred Community Clinics have not significantly contributed to the country's uptake of healthcare services. The low‐service utilization may result from their poor standard at the local health centres indicating that improving the service quality can help Bangladesh raise the uptake of healthcare services.