Suchergebnisse

Suicide terrorism is the most violent and horrifying form of terrorism in the world today. This kind of terrorism causes many fatalities and can throw an entire nation into a state of panic. We usually attribute this kind of terrorism to altruistic motivation, assuming that bombers are willing to sacrifice themselves for a higher cause. The current study uses the criminological theory of Rational Choice to analyze the motivation of jihadist suicide terrorism. By reviewing the religious, personal, and social incentives, we demonstrate that even those who kill themselves in suicide attacks, which are seemingly examples of irrational or altruistic behavior, do so while considering future, self-gratifying benefits. Since this self-destructive behavior is mostly driven not by altruistic motivation but by the anticipation of costs and benefits, we find that there is no fundamental difference between the perpetrators' motivations and those of other criminals; both groups are committed to maximizing self-gratifying, beneficial behavior. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACT. This article deals with patterns of consumption and of advertisement, as a field for the analysis of two major processes in the Palestinian society of Mandate Palestine: the growth of an urban middle class and the consolidation of the Palestinian national movement. The advertisements, sampled from the popular daily paper Filastin, analysed in the context of political and economic events, highlight the complex interplay between nationalism and class formation, and the contradictory tensions between the two processes. A smaller sampling in al‐Difa' points to similar, though not identical, trends. This analysis also highlights new dimensions of the Jewish–Arab conflict by drawing attention to the semi‐private sphere of consumption which appears to have been less segregated than the more often studied political and economic spheres.

The aim of this study is to explore the state's role in the regulation of political violence among Arabs in the Israeli nonliberal democracy. Unlike orientations focusing on internal processes within Israeli Arab society, eg, the Islamization process, we make an attempt to put forward an alternative point of view focusing on external factors. Reducing the discourse on Israeli Arab political violence to intrasocial or intrareligious dynamics seems, in our opinion, rather confining. Arab Israelis, similar to other ethnic minorities in countries all over the world, are subject to the centralist effect of the state. Violence committed by a minority group often finds its roots in strong feelings of discrimination springing from policies of exclusion practiced by the state. By employing the "relative deprivation" approach as well as the perspective of "politics of exclusion & inclusion," how the state can regulate levels of violence by adjusting its policies & principally by adopting a more inclusive policy toward the minority is addressed. 9 References. Adapted from the source document.

This timely and important work takes a critical look at the shifting roles of police, who are becoming increasingly tasked with handling terrorism threats on top of their regular responsibilities. With an unprecedented empirical study of the Israel National Police, the authors of this book examine whether this increased focus on security-related threats may come at the expense of addressing "classic" police responsibilities, such as fighting crime and dealing with local, day-to-day community problems. They also examine whether this shift has had a detrimental effect on police-community relationships and perceptions of police legitimacy, as their role changes from "service" to "suspicion." Through a four-year, multi-method study , the authors of this work have examined the effects of this shifting role on a number of key areas of policing, including police effectiveness at fighting crime and police legitimacy, drawing conclusions applicable to any democratic police force. The results of the study provide a number of concrete recommendations for maintaining effectiveness and community relationships of the police, with increasing responsibilities, challenges, and limited resources. This work will be of interest for researchers in criminology and criminal justice, particularly with a focus on police studies and counter-terrorism; police administrators; and researchers in related disciplines, such as sociology and public administration