Suchergebnisse

Die Autorin betrachtet in ihrem Beitrag die Religionspolitik der Türkei und zeigt auf, dass bestimmte Maßnahmen zu unbeabsichtigten Folgen für Religion und Bildungssystem führen können. Dabei ist es kein Zufall, dass diese Effekte geschlechtsspezifisch sind. So hat beispielsweise die Wiedereinführung religiöser Bildung den Schulbesuch insbesondere von jungen Mädchen verstärkt und die Marginalisierung von beruflichen Schulen eine größere Akzeptanz von Priesterinnen gefördert. Der Beitrag gibt nach einleitenden Anmerkungen zur gegenwärtigen Situation einen Überblick über die Bildungsreformen der frühen Türkischen Republik und geht dabei auch auf den Islamunterricht für Frauen ein. Anschließend widmet sich der den aktuelleren Entwicklungen und betrachtet Generationsunterschiede und Selektion im Priesterberuf. (ICA2).

AbstractNearly one-third of Turkey's official preaching workforce are women. Their numbers have risen considerably over the past two decades, fueled by an unforeseen feminization of higher religious education as well as the Directorate of Religious Affairs' attempts to redress its historical gender imbalances. Created in the early Turkish Republic, the Directorate is also historically embedded in (re)defining the appropriate domains and formations of religion, and the female preachers it now employs navigate people's potent fears rooted in memories of this fraught past. In the various neighborhoods of Istanbul, these preachers attempt to overcome conservative Muslims' cautious ambivalence toward the interpretative and disciplinary powers of a secular state as well as assertive secularists' discomfort and suspicion over increasingly visible manifestations of religiosity. Thus, the activities of state-sponsored female preachers are inescapably intertwined with the contestation of religious domains and authority in the secular Republic of Turkey and demonstrate an intricate interplay between the politics of religion, gender, and secularism in contemporary Turkish society.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries and periodontal diseases among 14–19-year-old schoolchildren with limited access to dental care services. A cross sectional study design was conducted during field visits to seven governmental schools in Al-Khomrah district, South Jeddah, over the period from September 2015 to May 2016. Clinical examinations and administered questionnaires were carried out in mobile dental clinics. The dentists carried out oral examinations using the dental caries index (DMFT), the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), and the community periodontal index for treatment needs (CPITN). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20. A total of 734 schoolchildren were examined. The prevalence of decayed teeth was 79.7% and was significantly higher among boys (88.9%) than girls (69.0%). About 11% of students had missing teeth, with a significantly higher figure among females than males (15.9% versus 7.3%); 19.8% of students had filled teeth. Moreover, a DMFT of seven or more was significantly more prevalent among males (43.3%) than females (26.8%), while the percentage of females with sound teeth was significantly higher than for males (20.4% and 9.6% respectively). The CPITN revealed 0, 1 and 2 scores among 14.6%, 78.2%, and 41.6% respectively. Males had a significantly higher percentage of healthy periodontal condition (23.8%) than females (3.8%). Dental caries prevalence was moderate to high, calculus and gingival bleeding were widespread among schoolchildren, and were more prevalent among students with low socioeconomic status.