Suchergebnisse

Agroecology aims at developing sustainable farming and food systems, adapted to local contexts. Developing agroecological systems requires the engagement of local actors and the consideration of their knowledge. As the main field operator of the agroecological transition, farmers have a key role: they make the final decisions on their farms and they know the particularities of their farm. So far, research, farm advisory and policy have mainly shown interest in farming practices developed by farmers, neglecting other aspects of their work and life. Moreover, many actors other than farmers play a role in the agroecological transition, and they each have their own reasoning concerning this transition. Indeed, when making a decision about farming and food systems, local actors take into account different types of knowledge (empirical, technical, scientific, local, generic,), in different domains related to agroecology (economic, environmental, social, political). In this study, we analyzed the reasoning of diverse actors, including farmers, farm advisors, natural park managers and politicians. We conducted 33 semi-structured interviews, during which the local actors drew cognitive maps to explicit their reasoning concerning their agroecological transition. Their reasoning revealed an unexpected emphasis on the importance of human abilities and social life in the success of agroecological transition. These results enable to better characterize the "social" aspects in agroecology, including both internal aspects such as one's values, feelings and capacities and external aspects such as relationship management and the capacity of different actors to work together.

National audience ; L'agroécologie est mise en avant comme un nouveau paradigme pour la production agricole. Son implémentation pose question car elle invite à une co-construction des innovations avec les agriculteurs localement. Les tenants d'une vision politiques de l'agroécologie mettent en avant les enjeux démocratiques de tels processus d'innovation qui doivent réhabiliter les agriculteurs en tant que concepteurs autonomes de leurs propres changements. Si des démarches d'innovations ouvertes dans une perspective de transition agroécologique se développent en France, les méthodes et les modes de conception qui permettent de garantir une participation démocratique des agriculteurs dans la décision et la construction de leur propre changement restent questionnées. Nous présentons ici le cas d'une recherche-intervention menée avec un collectif d'éleveurs, porteurs de leur propre projet de transition agroécologique dans le Sud-Aveyron (SALSA), dont l'objectif principal est de co-concevoir un outil de diagnostic agroécologique des fermes du territoire, afin d'identifier des leviers d'action à diffuser dans les fermes pour engager des changements de pratique. Nous proposons tout d'abord un cadre d'analyse des processus de travail collectifs et locaux pour la transition des systèmes agricoles, puis nous analysons l'ensemble de la démarche du projet SALSA. L'analyse dece cas met en avant un résultat principal: le rapprochement progressif des différents espaces de travail collectifs développés au cours du projet a conduit à un ajustement réciproque entre l'outil de diagnostic co-conçu et le dispositif d'utilisation dans lequel il existe. Cette expérience nous amène à identifier des conditions importantes pour le succès de la conception de dispositifs d'accompagnement au changement de pratique en agriculture dans une perspective agroécologique: 1/ Construire les conditions d'une expérience démocratique; 2/ Faire l'apprentissage de nouveaux paradigmes de production et gestion des connaissances; 3/ Reconnaître ...

Ateliers en parallèle - Session 2: Alimentation et territoire. ; Les crises multiples du secteur agricole et agro-alimentaire révèlent les fortes interconnections de cessecteurs. La reconnaissance que l'environnement, l'alimentation et l'agriculture co-évoluent, appelle laRecherche à se doter de cadres d'analyse systémique pour mieux comprendre les transitions en cours. Leconcept de santé (one health) offre une perspective d'analyse systémique qui permet de caractériser lesmodèles d'agriculture et de dépasser les analyses classiques de la durabilité. Cette analyse permet de tirerdes enseignements pour bâtir des politiques régionales en prises avec les enjeux locaux et globaux.

Les crises multiples du secteur agricole et agro-alimentaire révèlent les fortes interconnections de ces secteurs. La reconnaissance que l'environnement, l'alimentation et l'agriculture co-évoluent, appelle la Recherche à se doter de cadres d'analyse systémique pour mieux comprendre les transitions en cours. Le concept de santé (one health) offre une perspective d'analyse systémique qui permet de caractériser les modèles d'agriculture et de dépasser les analyses classiques de la durabilité. Cette analyse permet de tirer des enseignements pour bâtir des politiques régionales en prises avec les enjeux locaux et globaux.

National audience ; La "Directive Habitats" de l'Union Européenne a instauré en 1992 le réseau de sites Natura 2000 avec pour objectif de "contribuer à assurer la biodiversité par la conservation des habitats naturels ainsi que de la faune et de la flore sauvage sur le territoire européen". Fondée sur les connaissances en écologie, elle prétend intervenir sur 5 % ou plus du territoire français situés entre cultures et forêts de production, sur les pelouses, landes et fourrés, marais et bords de rivières, espaces délaissés par la pensée agronomique. Cette procédure incite l'ensemble des usagers des territoires concernés, au premier rang desquels les éleveurs, à maintenir ou modifier en conséquence leurs pratiques. Mais ces derniers manquent cruellement de références.

La "Directive Habitats" de l'Union Européenne a instauré en 1992 le réseau de sites Natura 2000 avec pour objectif de "contribuer à assurer la biodiversité par la conservation des habitats naturels ainsi que de la faune et de la flore sauvage sur le territoire européen". Fondée sur les connaissances en écologie, elle prétend intervenir sur 5 % ou plus du territoire français situés entre cultures et forêts de production, sur les pelouses, landes et fourrés, marais et bords de rivières, espaces délaissés par la pensée agronomique. Cette procédure incite l'ensemble des usagers des territoires concernés, au premier rang desquels les éleveurs, à maintenir ou modifier en conséquence leurs pratiques. Mais ces derniers manquent cruellement de références.

National audience ; Agroecology aims to promote sustainable food systems, respectful of people and the environment. These systems involve agricultural production methods and sectors which value the ecological, economic and social potential of a territory. Their development relies on transdisciplinary approaches which bring together professionals from the agricultural world, scientists, actors of agroecology and public policy social movements. ; L'agroécologie vise à promouvoir des systèmes alimentaires viables respectueux des hommes et de leur environnement. Ces systèmes engagent des modes de productions agricoles et des filières valorisant les potentialités écologiques, économiques et sociales d'un territoire. Leur développement s'appuie sur des approches transdisciplinaires réunissant professionnels du monde agricole, scientifiques, acteurs des mouvements sociaux de l'agroécologie et des politiques publiques.

National audience ; Agroecology aims to promote sustainable food systems, respectful of people and the environment. These systems involve agricultural production methods and sectors which value the ecological, economic and social potential of a territory. Their development relies on transdisciplinary approaches which bring together professionals from the agricultural world, scientists, actors of agroecology and public policy social movements. ; L'agroécologie vise à promouvoir des systèmes alimentaires viables respectueux des hommes et de leur environnement. Ces systèmes engagent des modes de productions agricoles et des filières valorisant les potentialités écologiques, économiques et sociales d'un territoire. Leur développement s'appuie sur des approches transdisciplinaires réunissant professionnels du monde agricole, scientifiques, acteurs des mouvements sociaux de l'agroécologie et des politiques publiques.

Stakeholders from academic, political, and social spheres encourage the development of more sustainable forms of agriculture. Given its scale and scope, the sustainability transition is a challenge to the entire agricultural sector. The main question is, how to support the transition process? In this article, we explore how agricultural science can address the sustainability transition of farming systems to understand and support transition processes. We discuss the potential for articulating three research approaches: comprehensive analysis, co-design, and simulation modeling. Comprehensive analysis of the sustainability transition provides perspectives on the interplay between resources, resource management, and related performances of farming systems on the one hand and technical, economic, and sociocultural dimensions of change on the other. Co-design of the sustainability transition stimulates local-scale transition experiments in the real world and identification of alternatives for change. Simulation modeling explores future-oriented scenarios of management at multiple levels and assesses their impacts. We illustrate the articulation of research approaches with two examples of research applied to agricultural water management and autonomy in crop-livestock systems. The resulting conceptual framework is the first one developed to organize research to understand and support the sustainability transition of farming systems.

International audience ; Stakeholders from academic, political or social spheres encourage the development of more sustainable forms of agriculture. Considering the scale and scope of the sustainability transition, it is challenging to the agricultural sector at large. The main question is how to support the transition process? In this communication, we expose how wicked problems related to the sustainability transition of farming systems can be addressed by agricultural science to better understand and support transition processes. We elaborate on the potential for articulation of three research approaches: comprehensive analysis, co-design and simulation modelling that refer to different stances and methodological choices. Comprehensive analysis of the sustainability transition of farming systems provides historical or snapshot perspectives on agricultural and institutional contexts and on the interplay between on one hand, the resources, their management and related performances of farming systems and on the other hand technical, economic and sociocultural dimensions of change. Co-design of the sustainability transition of farming systems stimulates local-scale experiments of transitions in the real world and the identification of alternatives for change from the farming system level to the territorial level. Simulation modelling consists of explorations of scenarios of management at different levels and assessment of their impacts. It offers a future-oriented perspective on transitions. We illustrate this potential for articulation of research approaches by taking the case of two examples of research conducted in our multidisciplinary research group applying to agricultural water management and autonomy in crop-livestock systems. The resulting conceptual framework is the first proposed to organize research to better understand and support sustainability transitions in the agricultural sector.

International audience ; Stakeholders from academic, political, and social spheres encourage the development of more sustainable forms of agriculture. Given its scale and scope, the sustainability transition is a challenge to the entire agricultural sector. The main question is, how to support the transition process? In this article, we explore how agricultural science can address the sustainability transition of farming systems to understand and support transition processes. We discuss the potential for articulating three research approaches: comprehensive analysis, co-design, and simulation modeling. Comprehensive analysis of the sustainability transition provides perspectives on the interplay between resources, resource management, and related performances of farming systems on the one hand and technical, economic, and sociocultural dimensions of change on the other. Co-design of the sustainability transition stimulates local-scale transition experiments in the real world and identification of alternatives for change. Simulation modeling explores future-oriented scenarios of management at multiple levels and assesses their impacts. We illustrate the articulation of research approaches with two examples of research applied to agricultural water management and autonomy in crop-livestock systems. The resulting conceptual framework is the first one developed to organize research to understand and support the sustainability transition of farming systems.

Stakeholders from academic, political or social spheres encourage the development of more sustainable forms of agriculture. Considering the scale and scope of the sustainability transition, it is challenging to the agricultural sector at large. The main question is how to support the transition process? In this communication, we expose how wicked problems related to the sustainability transition of farming systems can be addressed by agricultural science to better understand and support transition processes. We elaborate on the potential for articulation of three research approaches: comprehensive analysis, co-design and simulation modelling that refer to different stances and methodological choices. Comprehensive analysis of the sustainability transition of farming systems provides historical or snapshot perspectives on agricultural and institutional contexts and on the interplay between on one hand, the resources, their management and related performances of farming systems and on the other hand technical, economic and sociocultural dimensions of change. Co-design of the sustainability transition of farming systems stimulates local-scale experiments of transitions in the real world and the identification of alternatives for change from the farming system level to the territorial level. Simulation modelling consists of explorations of scenarios of management at different levels and assessment of their impacts. It offers a future-oriented perspective on transitions. We illustrate this potential for articulation of research approaches by taking the case of two examples of research conducted in our multidisciplinary research group applying to agricultural water management and autonomy in crop-livestock systems. The resulting conceptual framework is the first proposed to organize research to better understand and support sustainability transitions in the agricultural sector.