Suchergebnisse

Índice Nuevos enfoques, ¿verdad? Bibliografía. Resumen Las características básicas del sistema urbanístico británico siguen respondiendo al modelo desarrollado a partir de la fundamental Town and Country Planning Act de 1947. Este modelo, de hecho, socializaba no el suelo pero si derecho a urbanizar, sentando así las bases para la flexibilidad del sistema, única en Europa, ademas deinstituir los medios para la puesta en práctica del programa de construcción de las nuevas ciudades. Este sistema, que ha alcanzado un grado notable de institucionalización y de reconocimiento público, ha permitido preservar de la urbanización importantes extensiones de suelos agrícolas y áreas naturales; también supone, hoy en dia, que una gran parte del crecimiento se dirija a la reutilización de espacios que ya han sufrido algún tipo de urbanización, frente a localizaciones nuevas. En su conjunto, el sistema británico puede evaluarse positivamente en lo referente a la gestión del suelo y a la preservación ambiental. Sin embargo, algunas críticas recientes han señalado su poca permeabilidad frente a nuevas tendencias, en la escena internacional, relacionadas con la recuperación de la morfologia urbana y la idea del espacio público tradicional. Abstract The basic characteristics of the British town planning system still respond to the model developed along the times of the essential Town and Country Planning Act of 1947 This model in fact socialised not the land but the right to develop it, thereby laying the foundations for the system's flexibility, unique in Europe, besides instituting the means for putting into practice the construction programme for new cities. This system, which has attained a notable degree of rnstrtutronaiisation and public appreciation, has saved large areas of farming land and natural spaces from urban development; it also means that nowadays a great deal of growth is aimed at re-using spaces which have already come under some form of urbanisation, as opposed to the use of new sites. Altogether, the British system can be rated positvely insofar as land management and conservation of the environment are concerned. However, it has been criticised recently for its imperviousness to recent international trends connected with recovering the urban morphology and the idea of the traditronal public space. In 1997 New Labour set up an Urban Affairs Task Force to investigate problem issues and draw up proposals for action, which has recently published the conclusions of its work. The report includes over one hundred recommendations covering matters of design, transport, management, regeneration, capability, planning and investment. Based on this report, in the year 2000 the British government will establish its legislative and strategic commitments in the form of a White Book on Urban Policy.

This article describes the abolition and dismemberment of London's metropolitan authority, the Greater London Council (GLC). It explains how the functions of the GLC were partitioned between successors, with particular reference to the role of the London Residuary Body. The article highlights the contribution of GLC officers and management structures to the residuary process, and the paradoxical part played by County Hall, the one undisposed relic of the GLC empire. The GLC also left behind it a second, less tangible legacy — its territorial footprint. The article contrasts the successful administrative dismemberment of the GLC with the rising sense of political identity within its boundaries. It suggests that a paradoxical effect of abolition has been to lay for the first time the basis of political community within the single physical metropolis of London.

Nach einer Tradition von Großstadtregierungen, die sich über mehr als ein Jahrhundert erstreckte, war der Greater London Council (GLC) das erste der großen Nachkriegsexperimente in der Reorganisation von Großstädten, das die "modernen" Funktionen von strategischer Planung, Verkehrswesen, öffentlichem Nahverkehr und Wohnungswesen kombinierte und Modell für viele Nachfolger wurde. Trotz der internationalen Bewunderung für den GLC waren viele der Ansicht, daß der London Government Act aus dem Jahre 1963 das falsche Konzept beinhaltete. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Konsequenzen der Abschaffung (1986) des GLC. Die Demontage wurde mit geringeren politischen Turbulenzen und Störungen in der Dienstleistungsversorgung erreicht, als erwartet, allerdings in einer Art und Weise, die von ihren Urhebern nicht beabsichtigt gewesen war und mit einigen überraschenden Wendungen, die in den übrigen sechs abgeschafften Metropolenkreisen Englands keine Parallele finden. (ICE)

Describes the abolition of the Greater London Council in 1986, the successful process by which employees and responsibilities were reassigned by the London Residuary Body, and the effect on the capital's political identity and power.