Suchergebnisse

This article explores women's experiences of Portuguese colonialism in
southern Mozambique through their changing practices of body-marking
since around 1800. Arguing that women have historically used tattoos
(tinhlanga) both to reflect on agrarian social change and to as-sert the
importance of female affiliations in a male-dominated world, it charts
the increasing incorporation of European ideas and objects into what
women continued to call a "traditional" practice, and the heightened
significance of tattooing for those women most adversely affected
by colonial rule. The persistence of tinhlanga challenged Portuguese
colonial and missionary efforts to implant "civilization" through new
standards of feminine beauty and bodily adornment. The ensuing struggle
pitted colonizers and African "middles" against girls and women who were
fully aware of the significance of their bodies in the colonial contest,
and whose memories (and tattoo scars) reveal the gendered meanings of
racial difference and the limits of European power in colonial Mozambique.

African countries are subject to competing visions of agricultural development. Efforts to "scale up" technocratic, market-based approaches focus on productivist indices (yields, income) rather than food access. Alternatives advocate agro-ecological practices, re-adoption of indigenous crops and state investment in agricultural extension. We introduce here six case studies on these contested visions from Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Mozambique, Rwanda and Tanzania. Dominant agricultural development approaches neglect differences across class, geography and gender relations as well as marginalise many smallholders. Nevertheless, the everyday practices of small-scale food producers in Africa may strengthen their abilities to navigate and influence agrarian change.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Bodies, Empires, and World Histories -- I. Thresholds of Modernity: Mapping Genders -- Masculinity and the Bangash Nawabs of Farrukhabad -- An Island of Women: Gender in Qing Travel Writing about Taiwan -- Male Travelers, Female Bodies, and the Gendering of Racial Ideology, 1500–1770 -- Christian Morality in New Spain: The Nahua Woman in the Franciscan Imaginary -- Eva's Men: Gender and Power at the Cape of Good Hope -- Colonial Bodies, Hygiene, and Abolitionist Politics in Eighteenth-Century France -- II. Global Empires, Local Encounters -- Women, Property, and Power in Eighteenth-Century Cairo -- Reproducing Colonialism in British Columbia, 1849–1871 -- Native American and Métis Women as ''Public Mothers'' in the Nineteenth-Century Midwest -- Britishness, Clubbability, and the Colonial Public Sphere -- Muscular Catholicism: Nationalism, Masculinity, and Gaelic Team Sports, 1884–1916 -- Reproducing the ''French Race'': Immigration and Pronatalism in Early-Twentieth-Century France -- Race Hysteria, Darwin 1938 -- Tattooed Secrets: Women's History in Magude District, Southern Mozambique -- III. The Mobility of Politics and the Politics of Mobility -- An Ottoman Occidentalist in Europe: Ahmed Midhat Meets Madame Gülnar, 1889 -- Out of India: The Journeys of the Begam of Bhopal, 1901–1930 -- Celibacy, Sexuality, and Nationalism in North India -- Women's Liberation and Islam in Soviet Uzbekistan, 1926–1941 -- Gender, Power, and U.S. Imperialism: The Occupation of Japan, 1945–1952 -- History and Memory: The ''Comfort Women'' Controversy -- ''One Black Allah'': The Middle East in the Cultural Politics of African American Liberation, 1955–1970 -- Postscript: Bodies, Genders, Empires: Reimagining World Histories -- Index