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Statistics and Reviewers 2013

Public broadcasting has a particular institutional structure in Germany. This is illustrated for instance by such institutions are a special commission for determining the financial needs of public broadcasting and the broadcasting commission of the Lander prime ministers. This institutional structure assures the independence of public broadcasting from markets and politics. For Lander governments this institutional structure consists of a functional compulsory negotiation system. The concept of joint-decision-making argues that the requirement to find unanimous decisions stimulates incremental changes instead of institutional reforms. Nevertheless, since January 1st 2013 public broadcasting funding experienced an institutional reform. A device-dependent fee was replaced by a device independent, flat fee per household or work place. Reasons for the reform lay in the negotiation process. Among Lander a veil of ignorance, a segmented decision-making process and a combination of positive and negative coordination resulted in the institutional reform. Adapted from the source document.

Multi-Level Party Politics in Western Europe is a study of territorial dynamics within party systems and party organizations in Western European multi-layered systems. It argues that processes of state restructuring and party crisis have forced parties to adapt their competitive strategies and internal structures. With the logic of territorial party competition becoming more complex, parties in Europe have developed quite different responses to deal with the challenges of multi-level politics. This book challenges the 'national bias' of party research which has traditionally focused on the statewide level by assuming broadly uniform patterns. Speaking to students of party politics and territorial studies, it contributes to a new territorial approach which acknowledges the importance of multi-layered institutional framing for party politics. Its also includes a thorough comparative analysis of vertical linkages and sub-state autonomy in Austrian, Belgian, British, German and Spanish parties.