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How should Israel respond to the changing external threats that confront it? This paper argues that the country's traditional security concept is obsolete and must be reformulated. How this is achieved depends on developments within the Middle East and on the outcome of current shifts in Israel's politics and society.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Summary -- Chapter 1. The Third World in Soviet Policy -- Chapter 2. The Soviet Record in the Middle East -- Chapter 3. New Political Thinking and the Third World -- Chapter 4. New Political Thinking and the Middle East -- Chapter 5. Conclusions -- Appendix, "Fundamental Principles of International Security -- Notes -- About the Author -- Series Page.

United States Secretary of State Mike Pompeo's assertion that 'the establishment of Israeli civilian settlements in the West Bank is not per se inconsistent with inter­national law' is merely the latest example of how US and Israeli policies have marched almost in lockstep since Donald Trump's inauguration as president. However, the United States and Israel have shared an intense and intimate relationship that long predates the Trump Administration and goes beyond the chemistry of individual leaders. In many respects, in fact, that relationship is unique in American foreign relations and uniquely critical to Israeli security. It is grounded in a shared narrative of biblically inspired frontier societies that have gathered in immigrants and refugees, tamed the wilderness, and built liberal democracy. This explains the broadly recep­tive environment in the United States for the message of US-Israeli commonality. Nevertheless, the durability of the relationship is not guaranteed. If the societies and political cultures of the two countries either continue to develop along parallel, illiberal lines or shift simultaneously in a more liberal direction, the connection between them will be preserved, or even strengthened. However, if they diverge, and especially if Israel maintains its rightward drift while America moves in an opposite direction, the normative foundation of the relationship will erode, with ominous implications for Israel.

Du nucléaire iranien aux conséquences des soulèvements arabes, les sujets de préoccupation ne manquent pas pour les autorités israéliennes. La question palestinienne, éludée depuis quelque temps, pourrait redevenir d'une actualité brûlante en 2013. En Israël, le coût du statu quo dans le dossier palestinien est jugé négligeable. Cette perception est erronée pour plusieurs raisons, et notamment parce que la perspective d'une nouvelle intifada n'est pas improbable. politique étrangère

From Iranian nuclear issues to consequences of the Arab uprisings, the Israeli authorities do not have to look far to find serious concerns. The Palestinian issue, avoided for some time, could come back as the hot topic of 2013. In Israel, the cost of the status quo with respect to the Palestinian issue is considered negligible. This perception is erroneous for several reasons, including the fact that the prospect of a new Intifada is not improbable. (Politique étrangère (Paris) / SWP)

From Iranian nuclear issues to consequences of the Arab uprisings, the Israeli authorities do not have to look far to find serious concerns. The Palestinian issue, avoided for some time, could come back as the hot topic of 2013. In Israel, the cost of the status quo with respect to the Palestinian issue is considered negligible. This perception is erroneous for several reasons, including the fact that the prospect of a new Intifada is not improbable. Adapted from the source document.

Aus israelischer Sicht