Suchergebnisse

AbstractThe article examines the implementation of UNSCR 1325 'Women, Peace, and Security' within the framework of post‐colonial feminism. The author argues that in current international development co‐operation, there is a need for deeper understanding of the complex, context‐relevant social and political power structures and processes that prevent gender programming from enhancing gender justice. As an empirical case study the article discusses the challenges that the implementation of the UNSCR 1325 has been facing in Kenya. © 2016 UNU‐WIDER. Journal of International Development published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The paper examines why the efforts to promote gender justice by development aid have not succeeded in dealing with deeply-rooted structural injustices which prevent the realization of social justice and gender equality. The study analyses the implementation of the UNSCR 1325 Women, Peace, and Security in Kenya and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The paper concludes that in current, transitional setting of international development co-operation, there is a need for deeper understanding of the complex social and political power structures and processes that integrate sub-national communal (religious, ethnic, or political) loyalties and pressures in a manner that efficiently prevents individual women/women as a group from enhancing women's rights and gender equality as a priority.

The articles argues that due to the rapid development of new technology the boundaries of life and death, as well as the different phases of our physical, social and spiritual life are getting less clear-cut and evident than they have been before in the Western, traditionally dualistic cultural and historical experience. Thus, at the moment we are in a transitional stage in our understanding of "human life" is gaining new dimensions in form of "post-humanism" and "trans-humanism". The current neo-holistic view of the universe and the human place in it requires us to consider the "existential risks" and seriously ponder the effects of the technological evolution to our social, cultural, ethical and metaphysical frameworks and normative principles.

This paper examines the current security-governance-development nexus, something that is often also discussed under the concept of transitional justice (TJ). The paper analyses how the ambiguous, evolving and expanding nature of the concept of TJ affects the planning, coordination, evaluation and assessment of aid given to conflict ridden, post-conflict or (post) authoritarian societies in order to strengthen their democracy. Special attention is paid to gender justice. Illustrations are drawn mainly from Africa where many TJ processes and mechanisms are currently taking place.

Since existing injustices and the quest for justice are seen to be the main causes for violent clashes, it is often claimed that the restoration of justice must be the most important goal of post-conflict reconstruction. However, the current policy approaches, social movements and theoretical models for conflict resolution tend to look at justice from merely technical point of view, as a rapid fix to overcome war and violence. This relates the notion of 'peace' to 'security' and replaces the concept of 'justice' with the concepts of 'law and order'. Restoration of justice, however, does not merely mean requirement of impartiality. This paper presents an ethical analysis on the relationship between the rule of law, social justice, the principle of impartiality and social cohesion in a post-conflict society by examining the problems of the social contract approach through communitarian and feminist critiques. The aim of the paper is to map out the ethical dilemmas involved in peace negations based on 'constructing' or 'restoring' justice in a society, and to guide a way towards more a comprehensive framework of ethics of justice for post-conflict reconstruction. – power ; justice ; ethics ; peace ; social contract ; morality ; Rousseau ; Rawls ; Nozick ; Hobbes ; women ; communitarians ; contractarianism

Examines problems of applying the African concept of human rights in practice relative to human rights protection & violations in Africa, illustrating with the case of Jules Nyerere, Tanzania's first president, Tanzania's constitutional development, & instances of human rights violations there. Following a history of the concept of human rights, it is contended that the African theoretical interpretation of human rights fails to reconcile with the global value of constitutionalist democracy & fails to promote traditional values of solidarity, egalitarianism, human dignity. The African concept of human rights seems to transform its philosophical communitarian & communalist basis into a utilitarian calculation of the public interest to undermine its humanist foundation. African state efforts to change communalist socialism into communitarian democracy, thus integrating collectivist & individualist ideals, is discussed, demonstrating the problems inherent to institutionalizing communitarian & communalist democracy into a utilitarian calculation of the maximum utility of the nation exposed to misuse. African & Western communitarianism are contrasted before exploring how communitarian legal promotion of collective rights, social duties, & the common good impact constitutionalism & the constitutional protection of individual rights is examined. While offering a moral basis for democracy, communalist & collectivist values cannot be protected & promoted sans proper constitutional protection of individual members of various communities. J. Zendejas

Offers an insight into the issues surrounding women's equality, citizenship and political rights in transitional Europe, and a growing European Union. From policy-making to civil rights, domestic violence and education, this book presents research, analysis and suggestions for the future of women as participants in an evolving Europe