Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis paper focuses on the migration pathways (MP) of individuals from a rural population in the Philippines. The succession of migrations undertaken by an individual and the role of previous migration(s) in subsequent migration have received relatively little attention in migration studies. The present paper fills this knowledge gap by identifying MP types and exploring links between migrations from a life course perspective. It develops a methodological framework based on sequence and graph analysis. Based on research conducted in Bohol (Philippines) using field data, the two methods are jointly used to reveal the diversity of MP. We focused on migrations done between the ages of 15 and 30. Typical MP were identified using hierarchical clustering. Socioeconomic data collected during surveys were used to characterise the types of MP (e.g., gender, education and age). Sequence analysis revealed six types of MP: some are common across the Philippines (e.g., the circular migration towards Mindanao until the 1970s), while others are specific to the area (e.g., permanent migration toward other places in Bohol). Graphs offer alternative representations of MP that allow to consider the shape of both individual and collective MP. The approach developed here is reproducible, easy to implement and contributes to a better understanding of the complexity of migration by looking at the migrants' histories.

The article analyses the livelihood of peasant farmers in the rural area of three parishes in the Paute basin in Ecuador. First, the article presents the gathered empirical data of the study sites, respectively the Pichacay in the Santa Ana parish, Caldera in the Javier Loyola parish, and Llavircay in the Rivera parish. Applying the Chayanovian and van der Ploeg interpretation frames, three types of peasant households could be distinguished, based upon their specific organizational forms of producing and reproducing their livelihoods. The article concludes that a more in-depth analysis is needed in the peasant's art of farming, particularly in their core balance of being conditioned by and linked to as well as resistant to the capitalist economy.

Climate change Loss and Damage has emerged as a key challenge of the 21st century. This Policy Brief first frames the challenge and then introduces the Resilience Academy, highlighting 5 key insights that both feed the debate and inform action. Finally, it provides 5 recommendations to the Executive Committee of the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM ExCom) for its 5-year work plan.