Specific effects on the thyroid relevant for performing a dietary cumulative risk assessment of pesticide residues: 2024 update
In: EFSA journal, Band 22, Heft 3
ISSN: 1831-4732
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In: EFSA journal, Band 22, Heft 3
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 18, Heft 4
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 17, Heft 7
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 19, Heft 6
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 19, Heft 3
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 18, Heft 10
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 20, Heft 10
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA journal, Band 20, Heft 8
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA supporting publications, Band 19, Heft 7
ISSN: 2397-8325
In: EFSA journal, Band 19, Heft 5
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: EFSA Scientific Committee , More , S , Bampidis , V , Benford , D , Bragard , C , Halldorsson , T , Hernández-Jerez , A , Bennekou , S H , Koutsoumanis , K , Machera , K , Naegeli , H , Nielsen , S S , Schlatter , J , Schrenk , D , Silano , V , Turck , D , Younes , M , Arnold , G , Dorne , J-L , Maggiore , A , Pagani , S , Szentes , C , Terry , S , Tosi , S , Vrbos , D , Zamariola , G & Rortais , A 2021 , ' A systems-based approach to the environmental risk assessment of multiple stressors in honey bees ' , EFSA Journal , vol. 19 , no. 5 , e06607 , pp. 1-75 . https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6607
Abstract The European Parliament requested EFSA to develop a holistic risk assessment of multiple stressors in honey bees. To this end, a systems-based approach that is composed of two core components: a monitoring system and a modelling system are put forward with honey bees taken as a showcase. Key developments in the current scientific opinion (including systematic data collection from sentinel beehives and an agent-based simulation) have the potential to substantially contribute to future development of environmental risk assessments of multiple stressors at larger spatial and temporal scales. For the monitoring, sentinel hives would be placed across representative climatic zones and landscapes in the EU and connected to a platform for data storage and analysis. Data on bee health status, chemical residues and the immediate or broader landscape around the hives would be collected in a harmonised and standardised manner, and would be used to inform stakeholders, and the modelling system, ApisRAM, which simulates as accurately as possible a honey bee colony. ApisRAM would be calibrated and continuously updated with incoming monitoring data and emerging scientific knowledge from research. It will be a supportive tool for beekeeping, farming, research, risk assessment and risk management, and it will benefit the wider society. A societal outlook on the proposed approach is included and this was conducted with targeted social science research with 64 beekeepers from eight EU Member States and with members of the EU Bee Partnership. Gaps and opportunities are identified to further implement the approach. Conclusions and recommendations are made on a way forward, both for the application of the approach and its use in a broader context.
BASE
The Scientific Committee confirms that the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) is a pragmatic screening and prioritisation tool for use in food safety assessment. This Guidance provides clear step‐by‐step instructions for use of the TTC approach. The inclusion and exclusion criteria are defined and the use of the TTC decision tree is explained. The approach can be used when the chemical structure of the substance is known, there are limited chemical‐specific toxicity data and the exposure can be estimated. The TTC approach should not be used for substances for which EU food/feed legislation requires the submission of toxicity data or when sufficient data are available for a risk assessment or if the substance under consideration falls into one of the exclusion categories. For substances that have the potential to be DNA‐reactive mutagens and/or carcinogens based on the weight of evidence, the relevant TTC value is 0.0025 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. For organophosphates or carbamates, the relevant TTC value is 0.3 μg/kg bw per day. All other substances are grouped according to the Cramer classification. The TTC values for Cramer Classes I, II and III are 30 μg/kg bw per day, 9 μg/kg bw per day and 1.5 μg/kg bw per day, respectively. For substances with exposures below the TTC values, the probability that they would cause adverse health effects is low. If the estimated exposure to a substance is higher than the relevant TTC value, a non‐TTC approach is required to reach a conclusion on potential adverse health effects.
BASE
In: EFSA journal, Band 17, Heft 6
ISSN: 1831-4732
In: Committee , EFSA S , More , S J , Bampidis , V , Benford , D , Bragard , C , Halldorsson , T I , Hernández-Jerez , A F , Hougaard Bennekou , S , Koutsoumanis , K P , Machera , K , Naegeli , H , Nielsen , S S , Schlatter , J R , Schrenk , D , Silano , V , Turck , D , Younes , M , Gundert-Remy , U , Kass , G E N , Kleiner , J , Rossi , A M , Serafimova , R , Reilly , L & Wallace , H M 2019 , ' Guidance on the use of the Threshold of Toxicological Concern approach in food safety assessment ' , EFSA Journal , vol. 17 , no. 6 , e05708 , pp. 1-17 . https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5708
Abstract The Scientific Committee confirms that the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) is a pragmatic screening and prioritisation tool for use in food safety assessment. This Guidance provides clear step-by-step instructions for use of the TTC approach. The inclusion and exclusion criteria are defined and the use of the TTC decision tree is explained. The approach can be used when the chemical structure of the substance is known, there are limited chemical-specific toxicity data and the exposure can be estimated. The TTC approach should not be used for substances for which EU food/feed legislation requires the submission of toxicity data or when sufficient data are available for a risk assessment or if the substance under consideration falls into one of the exclusion categories. For substances that have the potential to be DNA-reactive mutagens and/or carcinogens based on the weight of evidence, the relevant TTC value is 0.0025 ?g/kg body weight (bw) per day. For organophosphates or carbamates, the relevant TTC value is 0.3 ?g/kg bw per day. All other substances are grouped according to the Cramer classification. The TTC values for Cramer Classes I, II and III are 30 ?g/kg bw per day, 9 ?g/kg bw per day and 1.5 ?g/kg bw per day, respectively. For substances with exposures below the TTC values, the probability that they would cause adverse health effects is low. If the estimated exposure to a substance is higher than the relevant TTC value, a non-TTC approach is required to reach a conclusion on potential adverse health effects.
BASE
In: EFSA journal, Band 21, Heft 10
ISSN: 1831-4732