One of the ways of thinking God in contemporary philosophy is reflecting on violence. In fact, reflecting on violence implies always at the same time to refer to the difficulty of thinking about the co-implication of law and violence, a typical prerogative of divine action. From this perspec-tive, political theology is concerned with the status and the possibilities or impossibilities of rep-resenting violence in a given political order. Three are the classical texts in the backdrop of this reflection on the hiatus between law and violence: Walter Benjamin Critique of Violence of 1921, Carl Schmitt's Political Theology of 1922 and Derrida's Force of Law of 1989. The article exam-ines another paradigm, that of Ernesto Laclau. The article concludes that only a non-presentable idea of God as a negative fundament allows for a non-authoritarian political idea. But this non-presentable character is only made possible by revolutionary politics.
Theological and political concepts and practices are frequently deeply related in political thought. If this statement is true in general, it is particularly accurate for the case of John Locke, to the extent that we can apply the label "political theology"— following Carl Schmitt's approach to the topic—for evaluating his project. Elisabeth A. Pritchard's recent book Religion in Public: Locke's Political Theology centers on that specific "label," which has sometimes been used, albeit not frequently, by other scholars. Speaking of a Lockean political theology means that liberalism does not represent the official end of every kind of political theology. In Pritchard's understanding, Locke's political theology consists of the shared conviction or consensus that individuals are the sacred property of a transcendent and benevolent creator. As a result, in his view Locke condemns every kind of political theology that compromises with hierarchical and competitive structures, providing differential access to the sacred. In this article I will defend a competing argument: In John Locke's writings we can find a political theology of sovereignty, even though he argued using liberal political presuppositions. In the end he consecrates political power just as the previous political tradition did, even if he uses a different argumentative path for achieving legitimation. He creates the fiction that political intervention, even in sacred matters, can be eliminated from the political arena.
La tensión entre el poder de la comunidad política y la conciencia religiosa es una constante en el pensamiento y la acción políticos. El presente artículo toma pie en la reflexión filosófica de Hegel para dilucidar el porqué de esta tensión y la complejidad de su posible solución. ¿Cómo abordar la intrincada relación entre los diferentes momentos de manifestación del espíritu, como espíritu subjetivo, espíritu objetivo y espíritu absoluto, en la que está implicada la relación entre religión y política en la filosofía de Hegel? He elegido un lugar dentro del sistema hegeliano para realizar este abordaje: la conciencia moral. El tratamiento de esta figura del espíritu permite abordar la relación entre religión y política en el contexto del sistema hegeliano de un modo original y clarificador. ; A tense relationship between politics and the religious conscience is a constant in political thinking and action. This article deals with Hegel's philosophy in order to clarify the reasons for that tension and the complexity of the possible solution. How is the way to approach the intricate relationship between the different ways of manifestation of the spirit —as subjective, objective and Absolut Spirit that are implicated in the relationship between religion and politics in Hegel's Philosophy? I have chosen a place inside the Hegelian's system to approach this question: the moral conscience. The analysis of this shape of the Spirit allows an original perspective on this topic.
This presentation analyzes in a general way the relationship between politics and conflict. The main argument is based on Carl Schmitt's criterion for the definition of politics. In doing so, I introduce the central points of the different articles of this volume.
This article analizes the possibilities for a legitimation in contemporary democracies. Grounding in Weber's tipology in Economy and Society we analyze the models of rational, traditional and charismatic legitimacy as they appear in contamporary thinkers as J. Habermas, C. Schmitt and J. Derrida.
The article analyzes the main manners of conceptualizing the public realm in political thinking of the late 20th century. The four principal focus of thinking are: the igualitarian liberalism of Rawls; the theory of the communicative action of Habermas; the libertarian liberalism of Nozick and Narveson and the political perfectionism of Taylor, Sandel and Walzer.
The expanding demand for livestock products in developing countries is expected to drive changes in livestock farming systems, such as intensification and technological development. However, while large commercial farms can take advantage of these new opportunities, semi-subsistence agriculture will be the main option for many poor livestock keepers. Development pathways may depend on local and farm-specific conditions. In this paper we: 1) typify mixed crop-dairy systems in Santa Cruz (Bolivia) from the point of view of their structural and socio-economical characteristics; 2) deepen the analysis of farm economics and level of intensification and 3) identify factors associated to the adoption of technologies. Three farming systems (specialized large commercial livestock farms, medium-size agricultural farms, and small semi-commercial mixed farms) were clearly differentiated in terms of structure, production orientation, economics and intensification level. The adoption of technologies (use of concentrates, pasture fertilization, cultivation of cut and carry pastures and use of dairy breeds) was related to distance from the farm to the nearest population, farmer education, farmer age and income. Policies directed towards improving market access and rural infrastructure would reduce transaction costs and increase non-farm employment opportunities. Similarly, investments in education and training would improve management capacity and technology adoption. However, current extension services do not seem to have an effect on technology adoption and, therefore, need to be improved/ better targeted. ; La mayor demanda de productos ganaderos en países en vías de desarrollo puede suponer cambios en los sistemas de producción, tales como intensificación y desarrollo tecnológico. Sin embargo, si bien las explotaciones comerciales pueden aprovechar las nuevas oportunidades, la agricultura de subsistencia seguirá siendo la principal opción para muchos agricultores pobres. Las vías de evolución dependerán de condiciones locales y de las propias explotaciones. En este trabajo: 1) se tipifican los sistemas de producción de Santa Cruz (Bolivia) desde el punto de vista estructural y socio-económico; 2) se profundiza en el análisis económico de las explotaciones y su nivel de intensificación y 3) se analizan los factores asociados a la adopción de tecnologías. Tres sistemas de explotación (grandes explotaciones comerciales especializadas, explotaciones de tamaño medio y orientación agrícola, y pequeñas explotaciones semi-comerciales mixtas) fueron claramente diferenciados según su estructura, orientación productiva, indicadores económicos y nivel de intensificación. La adopción de tecnologías (uso de concentrados, fertilizantes, cultivo de pastos de corte y acarreo y razas lecheras especializadas) se asoció a la distancia a la población más cercana, el nivel de educación del agricultor, su edad y nivel de ingresos. Políticas orientadas hacia la mejora del acceso a mercados pueden reducir los costos de transacción e incrementar las oportunidades de trabajo fuera de la agricultura. Asimismo, la inversión en educación y capacitación puede mejorar el manejo y la adopción de tecnologías, sin embargo, los servicios de extensión actuales no parecen estar teniendo efecto real sobre el nivel tecnológico y deberían ser mejorados.
We explore the phenomenological implications on charged lepton flavor violating (LFV) processes from slepton flavor mixing within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We work under the model-independent hypothesis of general flavor mixing in the slepton sector, being parametrized by a complete set of dimensionless δABij (A, B = L, R; i, j, = 1, 2, 3, i ≠ j) parameters. The present upper bounds on the most relevant LFV processes, together with the requirement of compatibility in the choice of the MSSM parameters with the recent LHC and (g - 2)μ data, lead to updated constraints on all slepton flavor mixing parameters. A comparative discussion of the most effective LFV processes to constrain the various generation mixings is included ; The work of S.H. was supported in part by CICYT (Grant No. FPA 2010- 22163-C02-01) and by the Spanish MICINN's Consolider- Ingenio 2010 Program under Grant No. MultiDark CSD2009-00064.M. J. H. andM.A.-C. acknowledge partial support from the European Union FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITN-GA-2011-289442), from the CICYT through the Project No. FPA2009-09017 and from CM (Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid) through the Project No. HEPHACOS S2009/ESP-1473. The work is also supported in part by the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN (CSD2007-00042)
In this article, we study the full one-loop SUSY contributions to the lepton flavor violating Higgs decay h→τμ¯, within the context of the supersymmetric inverse seesaw model. We assume that both the right-handed neutrino masses, MR, and their supersymmetric partner masses, mνR, are not far from the interesting O(TeV) energy scale, and we work with scenarios with large neutrino Yukawa couplings that transmit large lepton flavor violating effects. By exploring the behavior with the most relevant parameters, mainly MR, mνR and the trilinear sneutrino coupling Aν, we will look for regions of the parameter space where the enhancement of BR(h→τμ¯) is large enough to reach values at the percent level, which could explain the excess recently reported by CMS and ATLAS at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. ; This work is supported by the European Union Grant No. FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, Grant No. PITN-GA-2011-289442), by the CICYT through Grant No. FPA2012-31880, by the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN (Grant No. CSD2007-00042), and by the Spanish MINECO's "Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa" Programme under Grant No. SEV-2012-0249. E. A. is financially supported by the Spanish DGIIDDGA Grant No. 2013-E24/2 and the Spanish MICINN Grants No. FPA2012-35453 and No. CPAN-CSD2007- 00042. X. M. is supported through the FPU Grant No. AP- 2012-6708. C. W. received financial support as an International Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant NuMass Agreement No. 617143 during different stages of this work.
This thesis aims to offer a new narrative on the problem of the instrumen-tal use of reason in modern societies. To do this it explores the idea that social institutions, in exercising their characteristic praxis, can provide an alternative model of reason. Institutions related to the family, politics, religion or the market offer spaces where reason can be re-enchanted starting with the very human relationships exercised in them. To analyze this issue, this thesis starts with Weber's prognosis of the ra-tionalization process and also includes the critical perspective that the most representative members of the Frankfurt School offer, in as far as critical theory has historically been devoted to diagnosing instrumental reason. This thesis thus concludes that only social institutions can offer an effective critique of instrumental reason. ; En esta investigación se ofrece una nueva narrativa del problema de uso instrumental de la razón en las sociedades modernas. Para ello se explora la idea de que las instituciones sociales, en el ejercicio de su praxis característica,puedan proveer un modelo de razón alternativo. Instancias como la familia, la polística, el mercado o la religión; ofrecen espacios de reencantamiento de la razón desde el modo propio de la razón desde el modo propio de la relación humana que se ejercita en ellos.
Purpose: This paper presents a multi-objective programming model for selection of projects for financing new enterprise smes in colombia with objectivity and transparency in every call. approach: the model has four social objectives, subject to constraint budget and to the requirements of every summons. the resolution procedure for the model is based on principles of goal programming. findings: selection projects subject to the impact within the country. research limitations: the selection of the projects is restricted by a legal framework, the terms of reference and the budget of the summons. practical implications: the projects must be viable according to the characteristics of every summons. originality/value: the suggested model offers an alternative for entities that need to evaluate projects of co-financing for the managerial development of the smes with more objectivity and transparency in the assignment of resources.
