Big History is a seemingly novel approach that seeks to situate human history within a grand cosmic story of life. It claims to do so by uniting the historical sciences in order to construct a linear and accurate timeline of 'threshold moments' beginning with the Big Bang and ending with the present and future development of humanity itself. As well as examining the theory and practice of Big History, this Element considers Big History alongside previous largescale attempts to unite human and natural history, and includes comparative discussions of the practices of chronology, universal history, and the evolutionary epic
Abstract Working in policing can be psychologically challenging in an environment which requires officers and staff to be self-disciplined in adhering to procedural and legal frameworks. These role demands can lead to increased mental health problems. The ability to craft one's job to personal and career needs and aspirations can reduce stress and burnout. This study aims to identify the level of job crafting and any benefit of job crafting in UK policing. Four thousand six hundred seventy-three police officers and staff completed an online survey as part of a regular psychological surveillance programme. The survey measured anxiety, depression, burnout, and traumatic stress together with a job crafting questionnaire. The results did not find any difference in mental health between officers and staff who used job crafting from those who did not. An analysis of comments provided insight into the role job crafting plays in policing. The evidence on the benefits of job crafting in terms of mental health is mixed. The study highlighted the need for job crafting to be seen in a broader context where an individual's opportunity for flexibility and autonomy is balanced with their legal and professional obligations and organizational requirements.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that psychological screening and surveillance can take in improving the delivery of psychological support to emergency service responders (ESRs) at a time of increasing demands and complexity.
Design/methodology/approach The study aims to present and discuss the use of psychological screening and surveillance of trauma exposed emergency service workers.
Findings The evidence supports the use of psychological screening and surveillance using appropriate validated questionnaires and surveys.
Research limitations/implications The findings suggest that emergency services should be using psychological screening and surveillance of ESRs in roles where there is high exposure to traumatic stress.
Originality/value These findings will help emergency service organisations to recognise how psychological screening and surveillance can be used as part of a wider programme of well-being support. This approach can also help them meet their legal health and safety obligations to protect the psychological health and well-being of their ESRs.
Abstract This paper discusses the current approaches to psychological trauma risk management in the UK policing. It stresses the need for a concerted effort by senior management, supervisors, and occupational health in order to identify those at risk. Furthermore, to reduce the incidence of harm, provide protective training and education, and where necessary provide post trauma interventions and treatments (HSE, 2013). The evidence presented in this article supports the division of the policing workforce into three cohorts. Those being, responders, specialists, and those involved in major disasters. This is seen as the most effective approach to providing an appropriate level of trauma support for all those at risk of traumatic stress. Thus, making it easier to identify and manage the effects of psychological trauma on police officers and staff.
Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- 1 Introduction and Key Concepts -- National Forum for Health and Wellbeing -- Governance -- Wellbeing and Law Enforcement -- Hypervigilance -- History of Wellbeing in Policing -- UK Policing Landscape -- National Police Wellbeing Service (NPWS) -- Key Concepts in Wellbeing -- Introducing the Chapters -- References -- 2 Challenges for Law Enforcement -- Current Trends in Police Workplaces -- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Policing -- COVID-19 and Policing -- Future Working Environment -- Challenge of Technology -- Exploring Wellbeing -- Strategic Wellbeing -- Productivity and Performance -- Physical and Psychological Wellbeing -- Societal and Financial Wellbeing -- References -- 3 Measuring Wellbeing -- Annual Wellbeing Survey -- Anxiety and Depression Symptoms -- Challenge and Hindrance Stressors -- Disturbed Sleep and Insufficient Sleep -- Emotional Energy -- Experienced Workplace Incivility -- Fatigue -- Intention to Quit -- Job Satisfaction -- Life Satisfaction -- Perceived Organisational Support (POS) -- Physical Wellbeing -- Process Improvement Behaviour -- Prosocial Motivation -- Psychological Detachment -- Psychological Need Satisfaction -- Sense of Being Valued -- Supervisor Listening -- Supportive Leadership -- Team Belonging -- Vision Clarity -- Work Engagement -- Blue Light Wellbeing Framework -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 Working Environment: Post-Pandemic -- Working Relationships -- Remote and Hybrid Working -- Discretionary Effort -- Conflict -- Job Design -- References -- 5 Leadership and Resilience -- Leadership Criticality -- Leadership Styles -- Personal Development -- Evidence-Based Approaches -- Resilience -- Pitfalls -- References -- 6 Conclusions -- Recruitment and Retention -- Technology Promising Practice.
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This book provides practical guidance on establishing wellbeing services and interventions within policing for all of those working in law enforcement, particularly leaders and HR professionals. It also offers insight, provokes thought, and gives guidance on how to navigate and get the most from working life as a police officer or member of police support staff. With a focus on the modern working environment, the book covers the key concepts, history, and practical advice necessary for all those interested in this fascinating field of law enforcement. As workplaces become ever more complex and ambiguous, and the world of work ever more dynamic, understanding how organizations behave and how those in the workplace are likely to respond is key to bringing meaning and purpose to work, the cornerstone of effective policing. The book details how to effectively measure workplace wellbeing in policing and how to interpret and use findings to make improvements and craft interventions. It is a key text for exploring law enforcement, leadership, and wellbeing within policing for all those involved with law enforcement, as well as HR professionals, occupational health professionals, and critically, those with police line management responsibilities. Ian Hesketh is the Wellbeing Lead at the UK College of Policing and the Senior Responsible Owner (SRO) for the National Police Wellbeing Service in the UK. Ian also supports the National Forum for Health and Wellbeing at Manchester University Alliance Business School. He is Honorary Fellow at Durham University Business School and a Visiting Fellow at the Open University Business School. His research interests are centred on wellbeing, resilience, and transformation in the context of policing. Sir Cary L. Cooper is the 50th Anniversary Professor of Organizational Psychology and Health at the Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, UK, and Past President of the CIPD, President of the Institute of Welfare, and former President of RELATE. He has been advisor to the Home Office on stress in the police service, carried out studies for the Police Federation and the Superintendents Association and an advisor to the College of Policing on their wellbeing national programme. He is also Chair of the National Forum for Health & Wellbeing at Work comprised of 44 global employers.
Introduction -- Context -- Why wellbeing, why now? -- Wellbeing - the fundamentals -- What research tells us -- Applying research in your workplace - best praxis -- Case studies -- Authors -- Bio: professor Sir Cary Cooper, cbe -- Bio: Dr Ian Hesketh -- References
BACKGROUND: In some organizations, traumatic events via direct or indirect exposure are routine experiences. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence reviews (2005; 2018) of post-traumatic stress disorder management in primary and secondary care did not address early interventions for trauma within emergency response organizations. AIMS: This scoping review was designed to identify research which evaluates the use of early interventions in emergency and other high-risk organizations following exposure to primary or secondary trauma and to report on the effectiveness of the early intervention models in common use. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted to examine early interventions for workers exposed to trauma, including emergency response, military, and humanitarian aid. Relevant data were extracted from the included studies and the outcomes were assessed using meta-ethnography. RESULTS: Fifty studies of mixed quality met the inclusion criteria for this review. A synthesis of study outcomes found that early interventions help emergency responders to manage post-incident trauma when they are delivered in a manner that (a) respects distinct organizational culture, (b) is supported by organizations and senior management, and (c) harnesses existing social cohesion and peer support systems within teams. CONCLUSION: This review demonstrates that early interventions support emergency responders following exposure to trauma when these are tailored to the needs of the population, are supported by the host organization, and harness existing social cohesion and peer support processes within a team or unit. A number of recommendations for the delivery and evaluation of early interventions for psychological trauma in emergency response organizations were made.
