Family Pedigree of Alcoholic and Control Patients
In: International journal of the addictions, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 351-363
10 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: International journal of the addictions, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 351-363
In: International journal of the addictions, Band 18, Heft 4, S. 435-444
In: Social work in public health, Band 28, Heft 3-4, S. 178-193
ISSN: 1937-190X
In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 48, Heft 3, S. 200-210
ISSN: 1532-2491
In: International journal of the addictions, Band 18, Heft 5, S. 593-609
In: Vulnerable children and youth studies, Band 5, Heft 1, S. 52-65
ISSN: 1745-0136
In: The American journal of sociology, Band 114, Heft S1, S. S171-S201
ISSN: 1537-5390
In: Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities: an official journal of the Cobb-NMA Health Institute, Band 3, Heft 1, S. 74-82
ISSN: 2196-8837
In: Journal of familiy trauma, child custody & child development, Band 17, Heft 2, S. 116-134
ISSN: 2690-4594
In: Twin research and human genetics: the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies (ISTS) and the Human Genetics Society of Australasia, Band 16, Heft 3, S. 661-669
ISSN: 1839-2628
Context:The detection and replication of genes involved in psychiatric outcome has been notoriously difficult. Phenotypic measurement has been offered as one explanation, although most of this discussion has focused on problems with binary diagnoses.Objective:This article focuses on two additional components of phenotypic measurement that deserve further consideration in evaluating genetic associations: (1) the measure used to reflect the outcome of interest, and (2) the developmental stage of the study population. We focus our discussion of these issues around the construct of impulsivity and externalizing disorders, and the association of these measures with a specific gene,GABRA2.Design, Setting, and Participants:Data were analyzed from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism Phase IV assessment of adolescents and young adults (ages 12–26;N= 2,128).Main Outcome Measures:Alcohol dependence, illicit drug dependence, childhood conduct disorder, and adult antisocial personality disorder symptoms were measured by psychiatric interview; Achenbach youth/adult self-report externalizing scale; Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking scale; Barratt Impulsivity scale; NEO extraversion and consciousness.Results: GABRA2was associated with subclinical levels of externalizing behavior as measured by the Achenbach in both the adolescent and young adult samples. Contrary to previous associations in adult samples, it was not associated with clinical-level DSM symptom counts of any externalizing disorders in these younger samples. There was also association with sensation-seeking and extraversion, but only in the adolescent sample. There was no association with the Barratt impulsivity scale or conscientiousness.Conclusions:Our results suggest that the pathway by whichGABRA2initially confers risk for eventual alcohol problems begins with a predisposition to sensation-seeking early in adolescence. The findings support the heterogeneous nature of impulsivity and demonstrate that both the measure used to assess a construct of interest and the age of the participants can have profound implications for the detection of genetic associations.