Suchergebnisse

This article presents an alternative to Robert Putnam's explanation for the decline of social capital in America. The author suggests that the complex impacts of economic transformations—in particular, the destabilization of communities that results when corporate ownership is disconnected from place—have been unfairly dismissed by Putnam in his determination to link the decline in social capital to television and generational effects. The author's argument begins at the level of elite leadership, presenting evidence from Atlanta and other cities that demonstrates declining rates of elite engagement. This decline is logically connected to corporate delocalization and decreasing incentives for elites to mobilize communities to enhance place-based development. The author offers some informed speculation that nationwide mergers in the banking and utility industries are likely to lead to a further deterioration of elite commitment to civic participation. It is also suggested that elite withdrawal will have cascading consequences on the philanthropic sector and the community's ability to sustain a dynamic associational life.

ABSTRACTAs cities compete for jobs and capital in the context of limited federal aid and increasing global economic competition, a new and potentially high‐risk public policy strategy for stimulating local economic growth has emerged. This megaevent strategy entails the quest for a high‐profile event to serve as a stimulus to, and justification for, local development. How and why do American cities commit their resources to seeking a mega‐event? And, if a city lands a megaevent, how does that event affect local development policy? To address these questions, we examine the experiences of three American cities which have bid for and organized the Olympics in the contemporary era: Los Angeles, Atlanta, and Salt Lake City.

Examines competition for a high-profile event to serve as a stimulus to, and justification for, local development; case studies of Olympic Games; US. Case studies include Summer Games in Los Angeles, California in 1984 and Atlanta, Georgia in 1996, and Winter Games in Salt Lake City in 2002.

Mayer Zald identified the mechanisms of adjustment that allowed the Chicago Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) to adapt to a changing environment. Changes in the YMCA in Atlanta, Georgia, that accompanied a division into an integrated organization for middle class residents and an inner city Black organization also reveal accommodation to environmental flux. However, in this case, the changes were due to the anachronistic persistence of segregation in the South, the strengths of southern, historically Black institutions and traditions, and the transformation of cultural understandings that accompanied the civil rights movement. Years of acrimony, alternating with stalemate, led to a solution that pernitted the survival of both organizations. It is in the cultural environment of the South that similar arrangements develop between historically Black colleges and predominantly White colleges and universities. During the 1990s, by law (and often by circumstances of geography), historically Black institutions include Whites but are recognized as uniquely serving Black constituents.