Suchergebnisse

In 1992, several national newspapers in America and Europe ran

headline stories which accused Jonas Savimbi, the leader of UNITA,
the nationalist movement which had been locked in a vicious civil war
with the MPLA–PT government of Angola, of conducting witchcraft
trials and burnings of witches at his liberation base at Jamba. The
revelations, provided by two high-ranking defectors from UNITA,
caused an outcry among both critics and supporters, with all predicting

Savimbi's ignominious defeat. Savimbi's longtime critics expected
the
latest scandal to deprive him of his remaining credibility, and predicted

that the support he had gathered as a fighter for Angolan nationalism
and a supporter of democracy would evaporate.On the contrary, the incident had little impact on Savimbi's stature

among his Ovimbundu supporters. Later that year he went on to win
the majority of the Ovimbundu votes in the United Nations sponsored
elections, and gained a chance to be in a run-off election against José

Eduardo dos Santos for the presidency of Angola. Details about these
and similar incidents which have taken place in Africa from the time
of conquest reflect a political legacy that has deep roots in Africa's
pre-colonial past. They also illustrate some of the fundamental differences

that exist between African and Western conceptions of political
behaviour and ideology that need to be addressed.

Over the last decade or so scholars in the social sciences have been reassessing works on the rise of nationalism in Africa published in the 1960s and early 1970s. These earlier studies, written during the euphoria following independence and the spread of liberation ideology, regarded the transfer of power to the African élite as signalling the end of subjugation to European control and the emergence of modern African states.1This revision focused on the post-colonial state and its rôle as a mediator between competing groups for power and the allocation of resources.2Since then, the trend has generated a revival in understanding ethnicity which is again seen as a major force in most of the crises which have troubled Africa.

In vielen Staaten Afrikas hat sich der Tribalismus als die ausschlaggebende Ursache und Kraft hinter den politischen Krisen des Kontinents erwiesen. Am Beispiel der Ovimbundu-Partei UNITA wird die Bedeutung des ethnischen Nationalismus in Angola analysiert. Im Detail behandelt werden: die Entstehung des Ovimbundu-Nationalismus und Gründung der UNITA; die Konsolidierung der Befreiungs- und späteren Widerstandsbewegung; die Stellung der UNITA internen und externen Entwicklungen gegenüber in den Jahren bis 1988; und schließlich die dramatischen Ereignisse 1988/89 mit dem beginnenden Unabhängigkeitsprozeß in Namibia und dem phasenweisen Abzug der kubanischen Truppen aus Angola. (DÜI-Hlb)

"Bookended by remarks from African American diplomats Walter C. Carrington and Charles Stith, the essays in this volume use close readings of speeches, letters, historical archives, diaries, and memoirs of policymakers and newly available FBI files to confront much-neglected questions related to race and foreign relations in the United States. Why, for instance, did African Americans profess loyalty and support for the diplomatic initiatives of a nation that undermined their social, political, and economic well-being through racist policies and cultural practices? Other contributions explore African Americans' history in the diplomatic and consular services and the influential roles of cultural ambassadors like Joe Louis and Louis Armstrong. The volume concludes with an analysis of the effects on race and foreign policy in the administration of Barack Obama. Groundbreaking and critical, African Americans in U.S. Foreign Policy expands on the scope and themes of recent collections to offer the most up-to-date scholarship to students in a range of disciplines, including U.S. and African American history, Africana studies, political science, and American studies"--