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This paper addresses Richard Vernon's approach to reconciling cosmopolitan political morality with particularized political obligations in his work, Cosmopolitan Regard. It situates his approach in his critical treatment of competing transactional theories of obligation, particularly reciprocity for benefits received, and presents his justification of particularized political obligations towards fellow members of persons' own state, based on complicity in unique systems of risk exposure. The paper also presents a critical treatment of his theory, and goes on to outline an alternate conception of legitimacy without obligation as promising in addressing the identified concerns and as applicable to structures of governance beyond the state.

Abstract.For much of the post-war period of welfare state formation, T.H. Marshall's idea of shared entitlement to universal social rights of citizenship formed the theoretical foundations of social democratic political reforms and legitimacy. This approach has been updated by contemporary egalitarian theorists, such as John Rawls. The ongoing politics of restructuring have led to a growing number of arguments against the motivational capacity of an institutional account of social unity. This paper examines a particular argument against rights-based citizenship—David Miller's theory of nationality. Miller argues that "pure" citizenship rests on self-interest, and thus when differences in risk are explicit it can only legitimate minimal redistribution. Strong welfare states require pre-political ties and must be embedded in the ethical relations of shared nationality. Against Miller's position, it is advanced that shared citizenship has both effective motivational and moral dimensions. It can also address the problems the nationality thesis faces in reconciling its account of motivation with the moral diversity that is constitutive of pluralist societies.Résumé.Dans l'après-guerre, au moment de la formation des Etats-providence, la mise en place et la justification des politiques social-démocrates s'appuyèrent en grande majorité sur la théorie de T.H. Marshall à propos du rôle joué par les droits sociaux dans l'intégration civique. Cette approche a été actualisée par des théoriciens égalitariens tels que John Rawls. Les politiques actuelles de restructuration de l'Etat-providence ont provoqué la multiplication d'un certain type de critiques soulignant les insuffisances de cette approche institutionnelle du lien social en termes de ressources motivationnelles. Cet article examine l'une ces critiques, formulée par David Miller dans sa théorie sur la nationalité. Miller soutient que la citoyenneté "pure" repose sur l'intérêt personnel et qu'elle ne peut justifier qu'une redistribution minimale, lorsque les différences engagées sont manifestes. Pour affirmer leur autorité, les Etats-providence ont besoin d'être fondés sur des liens prépolitiques et soutenus par les rapports de solidarité d'une nationalité commune. A l'encontre de la position défendue par Miller, on avancera que la citoyenneté possède de façon effective une dimension qui est à la fois morale et motivationnelle. En outre, elle est à même d'affronter les problèmes que soulève la thèse sur la nationalité, en réconciliant sa conception de la motivation avec la diversité morale inhérente aux sociétés pluralistes.

Acknowledgments -- Introduction / David McGrane, Neil Hibbert -- Part I: Ideology. From Grant to Hayek: The shifting nature of Canadian conservatism / James Farney -- Canadian liberalism as a distinctive tradition / Brooke Jeffrey -- What does "progressive" mean? The political theory of social democracy and reform liberalism in Canada / David McGrane -- It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing: Ideology in the age of emotion / Paul Saurette, Kathryn Trevenen -- Part II: Equality and social justice.The changing normativity of the Canadian welfare state / Neil Hibbert -- "How we treat our women is our business!": Legal pluralism's impact on women's citizenship in federations / Jill Vickers -- Autonomy, rights, and euthanasia policy: Lessons from John Stuart Mill / Darin Nesbitt -- What's wrong with private schools? / Steven Lecce -- Part III: Democracy and citizenship. Deliberative democracy: The Canadian experience / Marlene K. Sokolon -- Democracy and the problem of constitutional change in Canada / Lee Ward -- Does Canada have a founding moment? / Catherine Frost --Part IV: Ethnic diversity and minority rights. Self-determination theory: Political and psychological / Michael Murphy -- Beyond multiculturalism: Indigenous normativity and the search for a legitimate constitution / Marc Woons -- Equality rights, multiculturalism, and public reason in Canada / Mark Blythe, Jay Makarenko -- Part V: Nationalism. Lament for a pre-modern nation? George Grant and Michael Byers on Canadian identity / Ann Ward -- Culture and national identity in Quebec / Raffaele Iacovino -- The conqueror's mask: Canada as an empire-state / Marc Chevrier -- Part VI: Canada in the world. The legitimacy of judicial review: The strength of the weak / Stephen Winter -- Canada and the international responsibilities to protect and prosecute in cases of mass atrocity / Kirsten J. Fisher, Cristina G. Stefan -- Immigration and borders in Canada: Looking outward, looking inward, and breaking away from legacies / Mireille Paquet -- Contributors.

The political theory of Richard Vernon has made major contributions to the many complex dimensions of political morality, democratic dialogue, justice, and toleration. Justice, Rights, and Toleration offers critical engagement with the central ideas of his work on the perennial political challenges in liberal democratic societies.