Suchergebnisse

Over the past decade, the federal and state governments have made large financial investments to improve election administration, but there is little to no understanding of the real workings and implications of election administration finance. This article takes a first look at election administration finance by examining election expenditures in California counties for fiscal years 1992 through 2008 using a public sector cost model. Regression analysis shows that economies of scale and voting technology are significant determinants of election expenditures, as are other factors affecting the cost of the production of election administration. Factors that are expected to affect the demand for election administration are generally shown not to be significant. These results will hopefully be beneficial for policy makers as they face important decisions about changes in voting technology and election administration.

This essay contends that national energy policy both purposefully and indirectly disadvantages a Philadelphia-based initiative that would simultaneously foster energy self-reliance, help improve the city's air quality, lower costs associated with wastewater treatment, and provide an alternative to imported petroleum-based vehicle fuel. Although some of the obstacles confronting this initiative are endemic to the character of Philadelphia's fractured approach to urban management, this article suggests that a change in national energy policy could do much to enhance Philadelphia's prospects to develop a commercial-scale biodiesel production facility that exploits a trap grease, an as yet virtually unutilized ingredient for making a biogenic fuel.

Scholarship on the commercial determinants of health (CDoH) has sought to understand the multiple ways corporate policies, practices and products affect population health. At the same time, gender is recognised as a key determinant of health and an important axis of health inequalities. To date, there has been limited attention paid to the ways in which the CDoH engage with and impact on gender inequalities and health. This review seeks to address this gap by examining evidence on the practices and strategies of two industries-tobacco and alcohol-and their interaction with gender, with a particular focus on women. We first describe the practices by which these industries engage with women in their marketing and corporate social responsibility activities, reinforcing problematic gender norms and stereotypes that harm women and girls. We then examine how tobacco and alcohol companies contribute to gender inequalities through a range of strategies intended to protect their market freedoms and privileged position in society. By reinforcing gender inequalities at multiple levels, CDoH undermine the health of women and girls and exacerbate global health inequalities. ; While this research received no specific funding, both authors are members of the SPECTRUM Consortium (Shaping Public Health Policies to Reduce Inequalities and Harm) funded by the UK Prevention Research Partnership (MR/S037519/1).

The articles in this collection broadly address the social psychology of immigration and explore ways to improve relationships between natives and nonnatives in the United States. In this comment, we propose the Deliberative Poll as an additional tool for the study of opinion on immigration and for improving relationships among the groups. Adapted from the source document.

The articles in this collection broadly address the social psychology of immigration and explore ways to improve relationships between natives and nonnatives in the United States. In this comment, we propose the Deliberative Poll as an additional tool for the study of opinion on immigration and for improving relationships among the groups.