Suchergebnisse

Utilizing an ecological perspective of heritage language learner (HLL) identity (Hornberger &
Wang, 2008), this study investigates how an underexamined group within HLL studies—language
learners with diverse ties to the Arabic language—perceive the label of HLL and how they position
themselves and their classmates relative to this label during interviews and in an advanced Arabic
language classroom. I draw on interview, observational, and videotaped classroom interaction data
collected as part of a larger ethnographic study of this classroom community and show how a priori
educational labels assigned to these students did not always match with their self-concepts and
ignored the nuances of their relationship to the umbrella term "Arabic." These labels also affected
students' classroom roles, self-esteem, and participation in the classroom. I examine the
implications of educational classifications and assigned identities that are constructed by
stakeholders such as researchers, teachers, or administrators, rather than negotiated by the
language learners themselves, and critique Arabic HLL as an identity and educational
classification. Finally, I offer some suggestions for how to engage language learners (HLLs if they
choose to identify themselves as such) in critical discussions about their relationship with the
language of study.

Abstract
'Travelling' Englishes and neo-liberal ideologies and policies to Qatar have implications for perceptions towards languages other than English, in particular Qatar's migrant languages. The current spotlight on the West and English in Qatar, often viewed in juxtaposition to Arabic, and in competition with it, has led to other languages that play an important role in the society and are part of the linguistic ecology of the region, being ignored. While the capital, status and position of these languages is variable, Qatar has chosen to favour English, leaving multilingualism and linguistic diversity off the agenda. This study examines Qatari students' perceptions about learning migrant languages in Qatar vis-à-vis English and looks at how the mobility of Englishes has in some ways generated further inequalities in Qatar, especially regarding knowledge and appreciation of its migrant languages. Important implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the interface of the impact of travelling Englishes with Qatar's growing linguistic diversity and trajectories related to language planning and policy, as well as Qatar's national identity and visions.

Maternal anaemia prevalence in low-income countries is unacceptably high. Our research explored the individual-, family- and community-level factors affecting antenatal care uptake, iron folic acid (IFA) intake and consumption of micronutrient-rich diets among pregnant women in the plains of Nepal. We discuss how these findings informed the development of a home visit and community mobilisation intervention to reduce anaemia in pregnancy. We used a qualitative methodology informed by the socio-ecological framework, conducting semi-structured interviews with recently pregnant women and key informants, and focus group discussions with mothers-in-law and fathers. We found that harmful gender norms restricted women's access to nutrient-rich food, restricted their mobility and access to antenatal care. These norms also restricted fathers' role to that of the provider, as opposed to the caregiver. Pregnant women, mothers-in-law and fathers lacked awareness about iron-rich foods and how to manage the side effects of IFA. Fathers lacked trust in government health facilities affecting access to care and trust in the efficacy of IFA. Our research informed interventions by (1) informing the development of intervention tools and training; (2) informing the intervention focus to engaging mothers-in-law and men to enable behaviour change; and (3) demonstrating the need to work in synergy across individual, family and community levels to address power and positionality, gender norms, trust in health services and harmful norms. Participatory groups and home visits will enable the development and implementation of feasible and acceptable strategies to address family and contextual issues generating knowledge and an enabling environment for behaviour change.

Maternal anaemia prevalence in low‐income countries is unacceptably high. Our research explored the individual‐, family‐ and community‐level factors affecting antenatal care uptake, iron folic acid (IFA) intake and consumption of micronutrient‐rich diets among pregnant women in the plains of Nepal. We discuss how these findings informed the development of a home visit and community mobilisation intervention to reduce anaemia in pregnancy. We used a qualitative methodology informed by the socio‐ecological framework, conducting semi‐structured interviews with recently pregnant women and key informants, and focus group discussions with mothers‐in‐law and fathers. We found that harmful gender norms restricted women's access to nutrient‐rich food, restricted their mobility and access to antenatal care. These norms also restricted fathers' role to that of the provider, as opposed to the caregiver. Pregnant women, mothers‐in‐law and fathers lacked awareness about iron‐rich foods and how to manage the side effects of IFA. Fathers lacked trust in government health facilities affecting access to care and trust in the efficacy of IFA. Our research informed interventions by (1) informing the development of intervention tools and training; (2) informing the intervention focus to engaging mothers‐in‐law and men to enable behaviour change; and (3) demonstrating the need to work in synergy across individual, family and community levels to address power and positionality, gender norms, trust in health services and harmful norms. Participatory groups and home visits will enable the development and implementation of feasible and acceptable strategies to address family and contextual issues generating knowledge and an enabling environment for behaviour change.