Suchergebnisse

Völkerrecht im Geiste des Dichters Stefan George? Auf diese Frage versucht der Autor durch die eingehende Betrachtung von Leben und Werk des, nicht nur auf den ersten Blick, recht sonderbaren Völkerrechtlers Helmut Strebel (1911-1992) eine Antwort zu finden. In früher Jugend durch seinen Onkel, den bekannten Literaturhistoriker Max Kommerell, mit Person und Werk Stefan Georges konfrontiert, schlug Strebel die Ideenwelt des Dichters zeitlebens in seinen Bann. Doch auch die Begegnung mit bedeutenden Personen der Zeitgeschichte, nicht zuletzt mit den Hitler-Attentätern Berthold und Claus von Stauffenberg, prägten Strebel nachhaltig. Dies lässt sich auch in seinem völkerrechtlichen Schaffen nachweisen, welches dem Leser zugleich Einblick in die Geschichte des Völkerrechts im 20. Jahrhundert ermöglicht. Sichtbar wird dabei eine für den heutigen Leser verloren geglaubte geistige Welt im Kontext der geschichtlichen Ereignisse dieser Epoche; eine Auseinandersetzung von Wort und Tat, von Macht und Geist

Markets must be designed properly to serve the common good. This is particularly evident in the digital economy, where platform companies have profoundly restructured value chains over the past 20 years. The European Union is currently undertaking a major regulatory effort to better shape digital platform markets. Yet, despite unprecedented existential pressures from environmental crises, sustainability goals are barely addressed. In this paper, we argue that the design of digital markets and information flows holds great potential for an ecological transformation of the economy. Based on a theoretical integration of the digital market design approach and the circular economy paradigm, we highlight the need for new market rules for the generation, storage, access, and use of product-related information that can help connect stakeholders and create new models for collaborative ecosystems. Based on a literature review of the potential of data-driven sustainability measures in the circular economy, we present a policy framework that includes the specific selection criteria needed to identify relevant data as well as recommendations for data sharing obligations. We find that, rather than a data economy that focuses on tracking human behavior, more product transparency and a systematic digital tracking of goods and materials is needed in order to change production and consumption systems towards economic activity that respects planetary boundaries.

Leaking water infrastructures, heritage tourism, investments in artworks, failing electronics: Durability lies at the heart of a wide range of seemingly unrelated phenomena. In today's economies, which rest on ever-larger stocks of infrastructures, buildings, machinery and household goods, durable things are both a hugely significant source of wealth and a constant source of struggle. The contributors argue that a deeper engagement with durability is essential for reaching an understanding of how economies work; and for envisaging alternative economies built on principles of environmental stewardship and social justice. Placing durability at the core of economic analysis, this volume explores the work and tensions involved in the production and valuation of durability to outline a new agenda for more sustainable economies.

Leaking water infrastructures, heritage tourism, investments in artworks, failing electronics: durability lies at the heart of a wide range of seemingly unrelated phenomena. Durable things are both a hugely significant source of wealth and a constant source of struggle. The contributors argue that a deeper engagement with durability is essential for reaching an understanding of how economies work; and for envisaging alternative economies built on principles of environmental stewardship and social justice. Placing durability at the core of economic analysis, this volume explores the work and tensions involved in the production and valuation of durability to outline a new agenda for more sustainable economies.

AbstractOver the past few years, there has been a significant increase in the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI)-based educational applications in education. As pre-service teachers' attitudes towards educational technology that utilizes AI have a potential impact on the learning outcomes of their future students, it is essential to know more about pre-service teachers' acceptance of AI. The aims of this study are (1) to discover what factors determine pre-service teachers' intentions to utilize AI-based educational applications and (2) to determine whether gender differences exist within determinants that affect those behavioral intentions. A sample of 452 pre-service teachers (325 female) participated in a survey at one German university. Based on a prominent technology acceptance model, structural equation modeling, measurement invariance, and multigroup analysis were carried out. The results demonstrated that eight out of nine hypotheses were supported; perceived ease of use (β = 0.297***) and perceived usefulness (β = 0.501***) were identified as primary factors predicting pre-service teachers' intention to use AI. Furthermore, the latent mean differences results indicated that two constructs, AI anxiety (z = − 3.217**) and perceived enjoyment (z = 2.556*), were significantly different by gender. In addition, it is noteworthy that the paths from AI anxiety to perceived ease of use (p = 0.018*) and from perceived ease of use to perceived usefulness (p = 0.002**) are moderated by gender. This study confirms the determinants influencing the behavioral intention based on the Technology Acceptance Model 3 of German pre-service teachers to use AI-based applications in education. Furthermore, the results demonstrate how essential it is to address gender-specific aspects in teacher education because there is a high percentage of female pre-service teachers, in general. This study contributes to state of the art in AI-powered education and teacher education.

Der Umgang mit Ressourcen baut im aktuellen Produktions- und Konsumsystem auf preiswerten Naturverbrauch und globale soziale Missstände. Um tiefgreifende Lösungen für die dringendsten Herausforderungen des 21. Jahrhunderts zu erreichen, ist eine Umgestaltung des derzeitigen Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftssystems ein wichtiger Ansatz, diesen komplexen sozialen Herausforderungen zu begegnen. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wird die Circular Economy von einer zunehmenden Anzahl unterschiedlicher Akteure aus Politik, Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Zivilgesellschaft als vielversprechende Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie diskutiert. Wertschöpfungsketten sollen dabei in Wertschöpfungskreisläufe transformiert werden, indem Produkte und deren Komponenten repariert, wiederverwendet oder recycelt – im besten Fall aber von Beginn an zirkulär designt – werden.