Suchergebnisse

The Lorenz curve is a diagram that shows how goods are distributed in a population. It has been used extensively in economics, mainly to study distributions of income & wealth. The curve may also be applied to peace research. It can be generalized to bivariate & trivariate forms of analysis & parameters of inequality can be related to the curve. Most of the mathematical results are restatements, in less technical language, of well-known properties of the curve, but with a stress on the social & political implications of the methodology. 7 Figures, 4 Tables. Modified HA.

The distribution of a society's resources affects not only the standard of living, but the changes of survival itself. A more equal distribution will normally increase the average length of life in society as a whole. The loss of life from an unequal distribution is an aspect of structural violence, ie, violence inherent in the social order. Measures of structural violence are developed, based on the potential increase in life expectancy. It is shown how these measures are related to the annual number of deaths & total death rates. One main result is the equality between the % loss of life years, & the % of deaths due to structural violence, when the population is in stationary equilibrium. A cohort approach is used to investigate structural violence over time, & methods for dealing with empirical, nonstationary populations are also developed. 8 Figures, 8 Tables. Modified HA.

Tourism is an expression of basic human needs-for mobility, freedom, & new experiences. The tourist industry is capable of supporting national development; international tourism can promote understanding & solidarity among nations. Tourism as it exists today does not realize these aims. It is organized by center interests, with little regard for local development, & creates dependencies-in foreign imports, capital, & expertise-in 'peripheral,' less developed countries. Analyzed is current center-periphery tourism, with special regard to needs, self-reliance, & development; proposed are alternative forms. 13 Tables. Modified AA.