Suchergebnisse

In the paper the author analyses some aspects of private family life of Kyiv Province gentry in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century and substantiates the impact of modernization processes in the society on the social functions of married life, bringing up children, and the role of women in the organization of personal space and family life. Under the influence of political, economic, cultural factors, the main social institution of society in the 19th century underwent a transformation of family relations. The Polish traditional family started to give preference to new gender roles in the private and social and cultural sphere, to accept new functions of the Polish woman, to change the marital behavior pattern, and organization of free time. The second half of the 19th century was characterized by extramarital affairs, which led to divorces and childbirths. The processes of modernization in the society, associated with the development of capitalist relations, urbanization, rising living standards had led to a change in gender roles. Women often had to run the household due to the lack of men who took part in wars, were in exile, or went off in search of a living. As a result of modernization processes, the choice of marriage partner depended on personal initiative, and the clarification of family relations was forming throughout all married life. Cases of divorce indicate that the personal right of determining the marital status was expanded. The life of Polish society since the second half of the 19th century was clearly divided into two spheres: the social and political life of the state and the public life of Polish society. Personal space is an important component of social life and takes an important place in everyone's life. The Polish family was a complicated social institution that opposed the ruling state. It was the family that was tasked with preserving national awareness. This task affected the duties of women, who not only kept the family, brought up children, organized the layout of the house, performed family daily routine tasks, but were also involved in social and economic activities. ; У статті розкрито особливості приватного сімейного простору шляхти Київської губернії у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХст. та розглянуто вплив модернізаційних процесів у суспільстві на соціальні функції подружнього життя. Під впливом політичних, економічних, культурних факторів основний соціальний інститут суспільства у ХІХст. зазнає трансформації сімейних відносин. Польська традиційна сім'я починає надавати перевагу новим гендерних ролям у приватному та соціокультурному середовищі, приймати нові функції польської жінки, зміни шлюбної моделі поведінки й організацію вільного часу.

The article deals with the socio-political life of the Polish nobility of the Kiev province in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century. After the January Uprising of 1863, a characteristic feature of tsarist policy was the russification of the Polish people in Ukraine, especially the wealthy. From the end of the XIX century begin to create the first political parties and organizations. Large landowners and nobility join these political processes. The Polish social movement of the Right Bank of Ukraine is characterized and activity of the Polish organizations of nationalist, charitable, cultural and educational orientation at the beginning of the XX century is considered. ; The article deals with the socio-political life of the Polish nobility of the Kiev province in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century. After the January Uprising of 1863, a characteristic feature of tsarist policy was the russification of the Polish people in Ukraine, especially the wealthy. From the end of the XIX century begin to create the first political parties and organizations. Large landowners and nobility join these political processes. The Polish social movement of the Right Bank of Ukraine is characterized and activity of the Polish organizations of nationalist, charitable, cultural and educational orientation at the beginning of the XX century is considered.

The aim of the research was to solve a problem of sustaining and developing foreign language skills and abilities by young learners during long-lasting summer holidays. The analysis of the current situation in Ukrainian education sector showed that reading a book continues to be one of the few tools for English revision in summer. There has been little research targeting on studying the impact of summer reading on young learners' foreign language acquisition, so the experiment in which 240 young learners (aged 8-9) took part was conducted. Both the experimental (n=120) and control (n=120) groups were pre-tested and post-tested in May and September 2019 respectively, and the children's skills and abilities in reading comprehension, vocabulary, speaking, writing and creativity were checked. The data obtained before the experiment showed almost the similar level of language acquisition in both groups. The results of the experiment indicated significant progress of the participants of the experimental group in every aspect of English. The main factors which played the crucial role in young learners' enhancements were access to English readers, comprehensibility of the reading materials which were elaborated specially for the children's language needs, interesting topics, reading for pleasure and enjoyment without tasks, tests or marks, and parental support. These results proved the reasonability of integrating summer reading in teaching foreign languages in primary school and induced the creation of English readers for all grades of elementary education.