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The existing (election) voting systems, e.g., representative democracy, have many limitations and often fail to serve the best interest of the people in collective decision making. To address this issue, the concept of liquid democracy has been emerging as an alternative decision-making model to make better use of "the wisdom of crowds". Very recently, a few liquid democracy implementations, e.g. Google Votes and Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), are released; however, those systems only focus on the functionality aspect, as no privacy/anonymity is considered. In this work, we, for the first time, provide a rigorous study of liquid democracy under the Universal Composability (UC) frame- work. In the literature, liquid democracy was achieved via two separate stages -- delegation and voting. We propose an efficient liquid democracy e-voting scheme that uni es these two stages. At the core of our design is a new voting concept called statement voting, which can be viewed as a natural extension of the conventional voting approaches. We remark that our statement voting can be extended to enable more complex voting and generic ledger-based non-interactive multi-party computation. We believe that the statement voting concept opens a door for constructing a new class of e-voting schemes.

AbstractFurthering a prior research on two‐person bi‐level multi‐objective decision‐making problems of the leader‐follower Stackelberg game, we present an extended model of bi‐level multi‐objective decision‐making with multiple interconnected decision makers at the lower level. In the model, the upper level decision maker acts as a leader and the lower level decision makers behave as the followers, and inter‐connections and interactions exist among these followers in decision‐making scenarios. Following the rules of leader‐follower Stackelberg game, we develop an interactive algorithm of the model for solving multi‐objective decision‐making problems and reflecting the interactive natures among the decision makers. Finally, the authors exemplify the model and algorithm, and draw a conclusion on points of contributions and the significance of this study in decision‐making and support. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

1. On Familism -- 2. Vision and Calculation -- 3. When Public Goods Become Private Goods -- 4. On the Homogeny, Separation, and Substitution of Rent and Tax -- 5. The Economic Nature of the Permanent Tenancy -- 6. Transactions and Cities -- 7. How Should Institutions Change? -- 8. Contracts Matter: Towards a more Developed Explanation of History -- 9. Hedge Funds, Financial Markets and Nation-States -- 10. The Institutional Factors of the Financial Crisis in the United States.-11. The Economic Logic of Specialized Markets -- 12. A General Theory of Rent-Seeking: Rent Dissipating, Rent Keeping, and Rent Seeking -- 13. Medical Insurance Paradox: A Hypothesis on Medical Price Increases in Proportion to Copayment Rate Decreases and Verification in China -- 14. Zero Marginal Cost and Virtual Rent -- 15. Religious Person and His or Her Implication in Institutions -- 16. On the theological coordinates of economics.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to preliminary explain the possibly complicated moderating effects of job resources. The paper specifies the missing link between job demand and burnout by focusing on the coping strategy argument.Design/methodology/approachThe paper preliminary supports the mediated moderation model of the missing link by a large sample cross‐sectional survey.FindingsThe two coping strategies as mediators for the relationship between emotional demands and exhaustion are supported. Strong supports for the moderation effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between emotional demands and the two coping strategies are found. Some support for the moderation of supervisor support on the relationship between deep acting and exhaustion are found.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper contributes to the job demands‐control‐support and job demands‐resources models, as the proposed model helps to explain the inconsistent results for the buffering effect of job resources found in the literature. It also contributes to the literature of emotional intelligence, as it provides clear evidence of its importance in handling emotional demands.Practical implicationsDeep acting is important. An organization may take more efforts in training employees to equip them with it. Emotional intelligence is also a vital resource and so organizations may benefit if they engage in relevant selection and training practices.Originality/valueEmotional intelligence, an individual ability, is empirically demonstrated to be an important type of job resources that can buffer the negative effect of job demands on employee well‐being.

Administrative department as a mechanism of resource allocation -- The evaluation criteria for efficiency and fairness on resource allocation led by the administrative departments -- Applying rent seeking theory to analyze resource allocation by the administrative departments -- The efficiency and fairness of educational resource allocation by the administrative departments -- Efficiency and fairness allocation of medical resources by administrative departments -- Efficiency and justice of land resource allocation by the administrativedepartments -- Basic conclusions and reform suggestions -- References.

In China, the government controls a large part of resources, such as land, energy, bank savings, and so on. This book studies the efficiency and fairness of resources allocation by governmental administration in China. The book states that it is neither fair nor efficient to allocate resources by the governmental administrations. These resources should be allocated by the market. The book analyzes the resources allocation by government administration in three key areas namely education, health care, and land. A quantitive analysis is developed for describing more precisely the situation of unfairness in fiscal resources allocation. This book also describes how ordinary people address the misposition of resources by governmental administrations by migrating from the provinces with less resources to the provinces with more resources in education or health care. Thus, the book concludes that the actual allocation of resources is determined by the interactions between ordinary people and the government