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Conceptualisations of 'vulnerability' vary amongst scholarly communities, contributing to a wide variety of applications. Research investigating vulnerability to climate change has often excluded non-climatic changes which may contribute to degrees of vulnerability perceived or experienced. This paper introduces a comprehensive contextual vulnerability framework which incorporates physical, social, economic and political factors which could amplify or reduce vulnerability. The framework is applied to New Zealand's tourism industry to explore its value in interpreting a complex, human-natural environment system with multiple competing vulnerabilities. The comprehensive contextual framework can inform government policy and industry decision making, integrating understandings of climate change within the broader context of internal and external social, physical, economic, and institutional stressors.

Abstract
While the term "climate change" is highly recognized by the nonscientific general public, understandings of its manifestations are varied, contrasting, and complex. It is argued that this is because climate change has become simultaneously a physical and a social phenomenon. Thus, climate change is becoming socialized through nonscientific interpretation. Research has considered the roles of independent sources of information used to inform these communities, ranging from media sources to personal experiences. However, little consideration has been made of the interplay between information sources and how these sources are perceived by nonscientific communities in terms of trust. This paper presents a qualitative study of 52 ski industry stakeholders in Queenstown, New Zealand. It explores the sources of information used by these communities to construct understandings about climate change, their perceptions of these sources, the dominant interpretive factors, and the interactions between the information sources. It finds that personal experiences of weather are used to interpret other sources of information and are drawn upon to corroborate and reject the existence of climate change and its relevance for their locality. This paper concludes that locally relevant information on climate change is required to ensure that it is applicable to nonscientific realities and lived experiences.

Conservation management in Norway is anchored in the historical tradition of friluftsliv although Norway's evolving economic policy signals that growing priority is being given to recreation and nature-based tourism development in association with protected natural areas (PNAs). Here we present the results of an international comparative study that examined conservation policy and recreation/tourism management in Norway and New Zealand, where a legislated dual mandate of conservation and tourism in PNAs is longstanding. Our analysis of conservation policy and planning documents in Norway and New Zealand highlights important contrasts in conservation and recreation/tourism management that are deeply embedded in national socio-historical contexts. Our findings highlight lessons that may be learned and applied in Norway. However we also caution that the application of lessons from New Zealand's 'utilitarian conservation' policy context may require a reformulation or refinement of the friluftsliv tradition. ; submittedVersion

Based on an extensive synthesis of semi-structured interviews, media content analysis, and reviews, this article conducts a qualitative meta-analysis of more than 560 sources of evidence to identify 38 visions associated with seven different low-carbon innovations – automated mobility, electric vehicles, smart meters, nuclear power, shale gas, hydrogen, and the fossil fuel divestment movement – playing a key role in current deliberations about mobility or low-carbon energy supply and use. From this material, it analyzes such visions based on rhetorical features such as common problems and functions, storylines, discursive struggles, and rhetorical effectiveness. It also analyzes visions based on typologies or degrees of valence (utopian vs. dystopian), temporality (proximal vs. distant), and radicalism (incremental vs. transformative). The article is motivated by the premise that tackling climate change via low-carbon energy systems (and practices) is one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century, and that effective decarbonization will require not only new energy technologies, but also new ways of understanding language, visions, and discursive politics surrounding emerging innovations and transitions.

Based on an extensive synthesis of semi-structured interviews, media content analysis, and reviews, this article conducts a qualitative meta-analysis of more than 560 sources of evidence to identify 38 visions associated with seven different low-carbon innovations - automated mobility, electric vehicles, smart meters, nuclear power, shale gas, hydrogen, and the fossil fuel divestment movement - playing a key role in current deliberations about mobility or low-carbon energy supply and use. From this material, it analyzes such visions based on rhetorical features such as common problems and functions, storylines, discursive struggles, and rhetorical effectiveness. It also analyzes visions based on typologies or degrees of valence (utopian vs. dystopian), temporality (proximal vs. distant), and radicalism (incremental vs. transformative). The article is motivated by the premise that tackling climate change via low-carbon energy systems (and practices) is one of the most significant challenges of the twenty-first century, and that effective decarbonization will require not only new energy technologies, but also new ways of understanding language, visions, and discursive politics surrounding emerging innovations and transitions.

Dr. Mari Martiskainen is a senior research fellow at Sussex Energy Group (SEG), Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU), based at the University of Sussex. Martiskainen is also the theme lead for equity and justice at the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions (CREDS), based at University of Oxford. She is an expert in energy policy and sustainability transitions research, focusing on justice aspects of low-carbon transitions. Martiskainen has published widely in academic journals and regularly advises and works with different stakeholders and partners, including government, business, and not-for-profit organizations. Professor Benjamin Sovacool is a professor of energy policy, at University of Sussex and director of SEG. He is a distinguished expert in energy and climate policy research, with a particular focus on energy justice and energy poverty. Sovacool has managed over $20 million in research grants. He is the founding editor-in-chief of the journal Energy Research & Social Science, and a lead author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's forthcoming Sixth Assessment Report. Dr. Max Lacey-Barnacle is a research fellow at the Science Policy Research Unit at the University of Sussex. His EPSRC-funded PhD focused on the energy justice implications of energy decentralization. He has published several articles stemming from his PhD, from a British Academy-funded project with Anglia Ruskin University's Global Sustainability Institute and from a collaboration with RIPPLES, an early career research network focusing on local low-carbon activity. He has also previously worked in policy with the Energy Saving Trust. He is now working on the FAIR project (2020-2022), funded by CREDS. Dr. Debbie Hopkins is an associate professor in geography at University of Oxford. Her research uses innovative methodologies to investigate low-carbon mobility transitions across passenger and freight transport. She is the Editor of the AAG Review of Books and sits on the editorial board of the Journal of Transport Geography and Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Hopkins is an expert in energy demand reduction, low carbon transitions, and sustainable mobilities. Dr. Kirsten Jenkins is a lecturer at University of Edinburgh. Jenkins is a leading early career scholar in energy justice research. She carries expertise in energy policy, energy governance, energy justice, and energy transitions research. Jenkins is an associate fellow of the Durham Energy Institute, managing editor of the journal Energy Research & Social Science, and a member of the COP26 Universities Network Just Transitions Working Group, among other roles. She has published widely in the area of energy social science. Dr. Neil Simcock is a lecturer at Liverpool John Moores University. Simcock specializes in issues of environmental and energy justice, fuel poverty and vulnerability, and urban inequality. He has published widely on these issues via research projects funded by the EU, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, RGS-IBG, and the British Academy. He has served as chair of the RGS-IBG Energy Geographies Research Group and is a review editor for Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. Dr. Giulio Mattioli is a research fellow at the Department of Transport Planning, TU Dortmund University, and visiting research fellow at the School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds. He has published widely on topics including carbon lock-in in the transport sector, car dependence, and transport poverty via projects funded by British and German research councils. With the research project (t)ERES (2014-2016), he has pioneered efforts to explore transport poverty's connections with domestic energy poverty. He is on the editorial board of the journals Frontiers in Sustainable Cities and Active Travel. Professor Stefan Bouzarovski is a professor of human geography at the University of Manchester, where he directs the People and Energy program within the Manchester Urban Institute. He chairs the ENGAGER network of energy poverty experts, practitioners, and policy advocates, supported by European Co-Operation in Science and Technology. As an internationally leading expert in energy poverty and sustainability policy, he has provided expert advice to the European Parliament, European Commission, United Nations, World Bank, and International Energy Agency. In the 2019 EU Protects campaign, he was named an "ordinary hero" for his efforts to combat poverty and inequality across Europe.