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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the resilience of oil intensive Romanian communities to oil price fluctuations. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology employed is based on identifying the communities with the most extensive oil extraction activities using GIS (Geographic Information System) software. We then apply a random effects panel regression model to check the significance of the oil price as a predictor of employment. Finding: Results indicate that the effect of oil price fluctuations is limited, with employment in the identified communities following the national trend. Research limitations/implications: Unfortunately, our study is hindered by data availability issues and a short time series. Nevertheless, conclusions are backed by the country's characteristics - a diversified economy, integration with refining operations, and the presence of related manufacturing and services activities. Originality/value: The study adds to the existing literature by focusing on a mature region with a long history of hydrocarbon extraction activities. We argue that the study of local communities in mature regions is of great importance in the context of the ongoing energy transition, particularly of those located within the European Union.

The significance of the exchange rate for Romania' macroeconomic policies raised the level of interest related to the study of relationships between the exchange rate and the other macroeconomic variables, and particularly inflation, given the realities of a small open economy. Given the country's membership to the European Union and the declared intention to adopt the Euro, Romania has to fulfil the Maastricht criteria for nominal convergence. At present, these criteria are met only in terms of the fiscal deficit and public debt, while the other criteria remain to be complied with, including here the inflation rate. Our paper's objective is to discuss the influence of the exchange rates on one of the most followed macroeconomic variables – the inflation rate –, using the concept of exchange rate passthrough, and to provide an assessment of Romania's macroeconomic conditions with respect to exchange rates and inflation, with an eye over the eventual fulfilment of Maastricht criteria needed for Euro adoption. We conclude that although Romania has achieved an all-time low annual inflation rate of 1.55% at end of 2013 Q4, and the forecasts until 2015 are optimistic regarding inflation targeting, a higher volatility in the exchange rate, as observed towards the end of 2013, which can encourage a higher degree of exchange rate pass-through into inflation, coupled with expected populist measures in an electoral year (2014) might endanger the central bank's objective to maintain inflation within the announced target of 2.5%.

Evolution of airline business models: the case of pegasus Airlines -- Tendencies of trade in business services in visegrad countries -- Mapping economic in the european union: do ownership, industry and location matter? -- The driving forces of business R@D intensity in eastern european countries -- Competitiveness, profitability and R/D intensity: the case of the domestic pharmaceutical industry in greece -- MCDM approach for assessment of financial performance of serbian banks.

Our paper investigates the gaps in performance in the manufacturing sector between Western and Eastern European countries and attempts to analyze how enterprises from these two parts of Europe have tackled recovery after the Global financial crisis of 2007-2009. We uncover the patterns of performance in the after-crisis period and offer insights into the prospects of the manufacturing sector in the European Union, faced nowadays with a new recovery, after the coronavirus crisis. Moreover, we study these patterns in industries with different technological levels. We have selected five performance variables, namely Turnover growth rate, Turnover per employee, Wage-adjusted labor productivity, Gross operating rate, and Investment rate, and employed statistical cluster analysis, which is a multivariate data analysis technique that can detect these patterns in performance, in both its approaches: hierarchical and k-means clustering. Our findings show that the almost perfect groupings of businesses from Western, more developed economies, and Eastern, less developed ones, in all industries, with the notable exception of Portugal, is -> are rather striking, regardless of the technological level of industries. We show that Eastern EU businesses were not the worst performers in the after-crisis period, but rather on the contrary. Certainly, they are smaller in size but have enjoyed higher labor productivity and profitability, as well as higher investment rates in all industries. This points towards a higher dynamism of smaller-sized businesses in general, and Eastern EU located ones, in particular, in the years after the Global financial crisis, which has been reflected in superior performance.

Specific and older age-associated comorbidities increase mortality risk in severe forms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We matched COVID-19 comorbidities with causes of death in 28 EU countries for the total population and for the population above 65 years and applied a machine-learning-based tree clustering algorithm on shares of death for COVID-19 comorbidities and for influenza and on their growth rates between 2011 and 2016. We distributed EU countries in clusters and drew a map of the EU populations' vulnerabilities to COVID-19 comorbidities and to influenza. Noncommunicable diseases had impressive shares of death in the EU but with substantial differences between eastern and western countries. The tree clustering algorithm accurately indicated the presence of western and eastern country clusters, with significantly different patterns of disease shares of death and growth rates. Western populations displayed higher vulnerability to malignancy, blood-related diseases, and diabetes mellitus and lower respiratory diseases, while eastern countries' populations suffered more from ischaemic heart, cerebrovascular, and circulatory diseases. Dissimilarities between EU countries were also present when influenza was considered. The heat maps of EU populations' vulnerability to diseases based on mortality indicators constitute the basis for more targeted health policy strategies in a collaborative effort at the EU level.

This book includes papers presented at the 11th International Conference "Economies of the Balkan and Eastern European Countries" (EBEEC), held in Bucharest, Romania, in May 2019. It sheds new light on the micro- and macroeconomic developments in the Eastern European and Balkan countries, while at the same time taking into account the broader regional and global factors influencing these developments. By examining how the decisions and the performance of economic, social and political actors in the region are intertwined with wider regional and global events, the contributions highlight the dynamic development in Eastern Europe and the Balkans region. Further, the book demonstrates how the region has overcome numerous challenges in the past and is evolving within the framework of European economic integration and the global effervescent economy.

This paper proposes a new approach toward understanding the financial performance dynamics in the EU retail sector (pre-pandemic); we focus on the connection between indebtedness and solvency risk and other areas of corporate performance (e.g., liquidity, assets efficiency, and profitability). Its contribution resides in identifying the drivers behind solvency risk in a sector that went through significant transformations in recent decades, as well as the links between the various areas of performance of retailers, and their impacts on solvency risk, using the machine-learning random forest methodology. The results indicate a declining trend for solvency risk of EU food retailers after the global financial crisis and up until the beginning of the pandemic, which may reflect their maturity on the market, but also an adjustment to legal changes in the EU, meant to equalize the tax advantages of debt versus equity financing. Solvency risk accompanied by liquidity risk is a mark of the retail sector, and our results indicate that the most critical trade that EU retailers face is between solvency risk and liquidity, but is fading over time. The volatility of liquidity levels is an important predictor of solvency risk; hence, sustaining a stable and good level of liquidity supports lower risks of financial distress, and may mitigate the shock impacts for EU retailers. A higher solvency risk was accompanied by increased efficiency of asset use, but reduced profitability levels, which led to higher returns available to shareholders for high solvency risk retailers. Overall, retailers should focus on operational performance evidenced by financial indicator levels than on the volatility of these indicators as predictors of solvency risk.

The International Conferences on Economics and Social Sciences (ICESS)organized by Bucharest University of Economic Studies provides an opportunity for all those interested in Economics and Social Sciences to discuss and exchange research ideas. The papers presented at the Conference are available online in the Conference Proceedings series (ISSN 2704-6524): Volume 2019 Collaborative Research for Excellence in Economics and Social Sciences, ISBN 9788366675322 Volume 2020 Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy, ISBN 9788395815072 This conference provides an opportunity for all those interested in Economics and Social Sciences to discuss and exchange research ideas. We welcome both empirical and theoretical work that is broadly consistent with the conference' general theme. Especially, researchers, PhD students and practitioners are invited to submit papers on the topics related to new models in entrepreneurship and innovation, sustainability and education, data science and digitalization, marketing and finance, Fintech & Insurtech etc. that will develop innovative instruments for countries, businesses and education. The innovative models for sustainable development aim to ensure simultaneous economic development, social development, and environmental protection, to achieve a higher quality of life for all people and protect all living beings and the planet. The main topics of the conference are focused on but not limited to the following sections: Fintech & Insurtech - towards a sustainable financial environment The role of innovation in public and private organizations Financial perspectives in turbulent times Global Challenges for Agri-Food Systems and Sustainable Development Economic Policies for Non-Cyclical Crises Education for Sustainable Development: impact of universities on society Marketing and Sustainability The role of accounting in Sustainable Development Global world after crisis: towards a new economic model Sustainability for future business Current challenges within demographic data: measurement, collection, retrieval, analysis and reporting We welcome you to join us for two intensive days of plenary speeches and specialized parallel sessions debates that will result in high quality practical insights and networking. Scientific CommitteeACELEANU Mirela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaALBU Lucian, Academia Romana, RomaniaANGHEL Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaARROYO GALLARDO Javier, Complutense University of Madrid, SpainAUSLOOS Marcel, Leicester University, United KingdomBEGALLI Diego, University of Verona, ItalyBELLINI Francesco, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyBRATOSIN Ștefan, Universite Montpellier 3, FranceCABANIS Andre, Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole, FranceCASTERAN Herbert, EM Strasbourg University, FranceCENȚIU Silvian, Retina Communications, San Francisco, USACERQUETI Roy, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyCHAVEZ Gilbert, Globis University Tokyo, JapanCOSTICÃ Ionela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaCOX Michael, London School of Economics, England, UKD'ASCENZO Fabrizio, Sapienza University of Rome, ItalyDIMA Alina Mihaela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDÂRDALÃ Marian, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDUMITRESCU Dan Gabriel, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaDUMITRU Ovidiu, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaFELEAGÃ Liliana, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaFONSECA Luis Miguel, Polytechnic of Porto, PortugalGARCÍA-GOÑI Manuel, Universitad Complutense de Madrid, SpainGIUDICI Paolo, The University of Pavia, ItalyGRUBOR Aleksandar, University of Novi Sad, SerbiaHÄRDLE Wolfgang Karl, Humboldt University of Berlin, GermanyHURDUZEU Gheorghe, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaISTUDOR Nicolae, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaKOKUSHO Kyoko, IBM Tokyo, JapanLOMBARDI Mariarosaria, University of Foggia, ItalyMEHMANPAZIR Babak, EM Strasbourg University, FranceMIRON Dumitru, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaNABIRUKHINA Anna Vadimovna, Saint Petersburg State University, RussiaNICA Elvira, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaNIJKAMP Peter, Jeronimus Academy of Data Science Den Bosch, NetherlandsNOVO CORTI Maria Isabel, Universidade da Coruña, SpainORDÓÑEZ MONFORT Javier, Jaume I University, SpainPANETTA Roberto, Bocconi University, ItalyPARASCHIV Dorel Mihai, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPICATOSTE Xose, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, SpainPIROȘCÃ Grigore, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPOINT Sébastien, EM Strasbourg University, FrancePOPA Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaPROFIROIU Marius Constantin, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaRICHMOND Peter, Trinity College Dublin, IrelandSÂRBU Roxana, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSINGER Slavica, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, CroatiaSMEUREANU Ion, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTAMULE Tãnase, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTATE Radu, University of Luxembourg, LuxembourgSTOIAN Mirela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTRAT Vasile Alecsandru, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaSTREET Donna, University of Dayton, USATEIXEIRA DOMINGUES José Pedro, University of Minho, PortugalȚIGU Gabriela, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaVALDEBENITO Carlos Ramirez, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, ChileVEGHEȘ Cãlin Petricã, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, RomaniaVERHOEF Peter, University of Groningen, NetherlandsVOLKMANN Christine Katharina, Schumpeter School of Business and Economics, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, GermanyWALTER FARKAS Erich, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandWIERENGA Berend, Rotterdam School of Management, NetherlandsWOODS Michael, University of Aberystwyth, Wales, UKZIMMERMANN Klaus F., Bonn University (em.) end Global Labor Organization, Germany Open Access Statement These conference proceedings are Open Access proceedings that allow a free unlimited access to all its contents without any restrictions upon publication to all users. Open Access License These conference proceedings provide immediate open access to its content under the Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0. Authors who publish with these proceedings retain all copyrights and agree to the terms of the above-mentioned CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. ABSTRACTING & INDEXING Innovative Models to Revive the Global Economy is covered by the following services: Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB) EBSCO Discovery Service Google Scholar Naviga (Softweco) Primo Central (ExLibris) ReadCube Summon (ProQuest) TDOne (TDNet) WorldCat (OCLC)