Suchergebnisse

Subject of research is the directions and ways of attracting foreign direct investment in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study the essence and features of foreign direct investment and to study the foreign experience of ways to attract direct investment to Ukraine. Methods used in the research process: method of system-structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, general scientific, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results. The importance of foreign investments in the activity and development of the state is described. The main measures that need to be implemented to attract foreign investment are identified. International investment cooperation, given the high level of its efficiency, provides the country and its businesses with a number of current and future benefits. Positive and negative factors influencing the attraction of foreign investments into the state economy are outlined. One of the most common ways to attract direct investment to Ukraine is to create joint ventures, which are manifested in the processes of cooperation, pooling of knowledge, efforts, resources and experience. Motivational levers of influence on direct investment partners are singled out. They can be divided into two large groups. In the first case, firms are mainly engaged in the sale of goods and services produced in other countries, in the second - invest in the creation of production facilities in this country in order to sell products in the local market or export it to markets in other countries. Application of results. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the National Commission on Securities and Stock Market, as well as in higher education institutions in the teaching of economic disciplines. Conclusions. Foreign investment plays an important role in the development of the country's economy. Attracting funds from foreign investors contributes to the intensification of the investment process, the introduction of new technologies, the use of advanced foreign experience, the development of small and medium-sized businesses, the growth of investment potential of the territories.

Subject of research is the activities of collective investment institutions. The purpose of the article is to study the essence and features of the activities of mutual investment institutions in Ukraine, highlighting the shortcomings of its activities and prospects for development. Methods used in the research process: method of system-structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, general scientific, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results. The role of joint investment institutions in attracting and trading investment funds is described. Application of results. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the National Commission on Securities and Stock Market, as well as in higher education institutions in the teaching of economic disciplines. Conclusions. To attract investors to the market of collective investment institutions, it is important to implement a wide range of measures, the main of which is public awareness of such a market and informing each member of society about the benefits of investing in this market.

Subject of research is the current state of activity of domestic banks of Ukraine and ways of their effective investment activities. The purpose of the article is to study and characterize the ways of effective management of the bank's investment strategy. Methods used in the research process: method of system-structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, general science, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results. Credit institutions in world practice are a significant segment of the investment market and play a significant role in this process. One of the components of effective management of a modern banking institution is the implementation of effective investment activities, which requires the selection of an effective investment strategy. The imbalance of domestic banking processes, as shown by domestic and international practice, is often the main prerequisite for the development of a crisis situation in an individual bank, is a threat to the stable development of the banking sector as a whole. One of the main problems in the functioning of domestic commercial banks is the instability of the economic situation in the country, namely declining GDP growth, inflation and devaluation of the national currency, which in turn led to the outflow of bank deposits, bankruptcy of many commercial banks in Ukraine. Covid-19. Over the past year, Ukrainian commercial banks have allocated about 17% of total bank assets to invest in securities. For many years, there has been a negative decline in the share of the banking sector in investing in securities, but there has been an increase in total assets of banks in Ukraine. In addition, the positive point is the increase in the share of investments in securities in the total assets of banks over the past two years, namely from 13.97% in 2020 to 16.88% in 2021. The strategy of the bank's investment activity is an integral interconnected structured complex (system) of consecutive actions (balanced management decisions) under resource constraints, which is aimed at forming long-term effective investment activities of the bank, strengthening the bank's competitive position in the investment market. Application of results. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the National Commission on Securities and Stock Market, in the activities of banking institutions, as well as in higher education institutions in teaching economic disciplines. Conclusions. Thus, there is an extremely high degree of risk in the activities of commercial banks, and managerial errors can lead to the most serious consequences - so effective management for commercial banks becomes especially important. However, the key components of the theory of banking management are still poorly implemented in the practice of most domestic commercial banks. This also applies to the aspect of this theory, which is related to the management of the investment banking portfolio. Thus, the adaptation of the theory of investment portfolio management of commercial banks to the specifics of the Ukrainian economy is an unalterable necessity.

Subject of research is the stages of development and the actual state of the domestic stock market. The purpose of the article is to identify the stages of formation and development of the domestic stock market and as a result of determining the prospects for further development. Methods used in the research process: method of system-structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, general scientific, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results. The experience of developed economies shows that the stock market, unlike other markets (including commodity or foreign exchange), is one of the most regulated and regulated. The specificity of the domestic stock market is that in Ukraine there is virtually no domestic investor, a significant number of transactions are concluded to obtain speculative profits; quite often shares are bought at the beginning of trading only in order to "sell" the market more expensive to sell them and make money on it. Investigating the activities of the domestic stock market, the main stages of its development are consistently identified. The role and importance of the stock market in ensuring economic development, to a large extent, is determined by the volume and structure of trading in financial instruments. At the current stage of development of the stock market, trading is concentrated on two stock exchanges of PJSC Stock Exchange "Perspective" and PJSC "Stock Exchange PFTS", identified trends to consolidate trade in these infrastructure market participants. Application of results. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the National Commission on Securities and Stock Market, as well as in higher education institutions in the teaching of economic disciplines. Conclusions. The stock market must attract investors with its legality, honesty and order. This can be achieved only through state regulation of the securities industry in close cooperation with its representatives.

Subject of research is the sources of funding for the social development of united territorial communities (UTC). The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects and measures to attract financial resources for the development of local communities in a decentralized environment. Methods which were used in course of research: method of system-structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, statistical, general scientific, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results.The article identifies the main obstacles to effective financial support for the development of territorial communities, considers some experience in finding and raising funds for the development of territories, describes the sources of such funds. Measures that will contribute to the investment attractiveness of the territory are analyzed and substantiated. Application of results. The results of the study can be used by the united territorial communities for the formation of financial resources, as well as in higher education institutions in the teaching of economic disciplines. Conclusions. After conducting the research, it should be noted that the process of uniting territorial communities in Ukraine and, consequently, attracting financial resources to their budgets is a rather complex process and therefore requires consolidation of efforts at all levels of government and support from European partners. Due to the reform of decentralization of management in Ukraine, capable territorial communities should be created that are able to ensure the development of the territory, quality provision of social services and promote the well-being of their residents and Ukraine in general. It is determined that the main sources of funds for socio-economic development of UTC are: international technical assistance, additional subventions from the state budget to local budgets for the formation of community infrastructure, local taxes from businesses.

Subject of research is public debt. The purpose of this article is to analyze the status of public debt of Ukraine, its dynamics and structure. Methods which were used in course of research: the method of systemic structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, statistical, General, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results.The article described the views of scientists on the essence of economic category «public debt». Analyzed the periods of the formation of government debt, the dynamics of the budget deficit of Ukraine over the past 10 years, public and publicly guaranteed debt of Ukraine from 2012 to 2019 Indicated the negative effects of the impact of public debt on the economy and forward-looking indicators of public debt in the years 2020-2024. Application of results.Тhe results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as well as in institutions of higher education in teaching economic disciplines. Conclusions.The state budget of Ukraine is performed by increasing the volume of its deficiency and the use of borrowing to Finance it. The result is an increase in government direct and guaranteed debt, and this is what causes the increased pressure on the public finances, on the development of our country, which negatively affects economic growth. During the years of independence, there were fluctuations in government and government-guaranteed debt, but never reached zero values. The main objective of the government is to stabilize the economy, and hence in the medium term, he needs to resolve the question of reducing public debt because it poses a threat to financial and economic security of the country.