International audience ; AbstractThe coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models are an issue that is evincing much interest from the media and the political and professional fields. It is also an active area of research, a fact which led to a call for articles and the publication of a special issue. This article introduces and analyzes the 9 articles selected and published in 2020, and characterizes the diversity of the associated research (issues, fields, disciplines). After shedding light on the polysemy involved, as well as the fundamentals of the concept of agricultural and food model mobilized by the authors, we examine how they consider situations of coexistence. We identify three epistemological postures that reflect the contrasting positions of the authors vis-à-vis knowledge, actors, and action: functionalist coexistence, coexistence based on power relations, and coexistence in a transition perspective. These studies encourage the development of new research perspectives, in particular in order to make progress in the theorization of the coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models.
International audience ; AbstractThe coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models are an issue that is evincing much interest from the media and the political and professional fields. It is also an active area of research, a fact which led to a call for articles and the publication of a special issue. This article introduces and analyzes the 9 articles selected and published in 2020, and characterizes the diversity of the associated research (issues, fields, disciplines). After shedding light on the polysemy involved, as well as the fundamentals of the concept of agricultural and food model mobilized by the authors, we examine how they consider situations of coexistence. We identify three epistemological postures that reflect the contrasting positions of the authors vis-à-vis knowledge, actors, and action: functionalist coexistence, coexistence based on power relations, and coexistence in a transition perspective. These studies encourage the development of new research perspectives, in particular in order to make progress in the theorization of the coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models.
International audience ; AbstractThe coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models are an issue that is evincing much interest from the media and the political and professional fields. It is also an active area of research, a fact which led to a call for articles and the publication of a special issue. This article introduces and analyzes the 9 articles selected and published in 2020, and characterizes the diversity of the associated research (issues, fields, disciplines). After shedding light on the polysemy involved, as well as the fundamentals of the concept of agricultural and food model mobilized by the authors, we examine how they consider situations of coexistence. We identify three epistemological postures that reflect the contrasting positions of the authors vis-à-vis knowledge, actors, and action: functionalist coexistence, coexistence based on power relations, and coexistence in a transition perspective. These studies encourage the development of new research perspectives, in particular in order to make progress in the theorization of the coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models.
International audience ; AbstractThe coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models are an issue that is evincing much interest from the media and the political and professional fields. It is also an active area of research, a fact which led to a call for articles and the publication of a special issue. This article introduces and analyzes the 9 articles selected and published in 2020, and characterizes the diversity of the associated research (issues, fields, disciplines). After shedding light on the polysemy involved, as well as the fundamentals of the concept of agricultural and food model mobilized by the authors, we examine how they consider situations of coexistence. We identify three epistemological postures that reflect the contrasting positions of the authors vis-à-vis knowledge, actors, and action: functionalist coexistence, coexistence based on power relations, and coexistence in a transition perspective. These studies encourage the development of new research perspectives, in particular in order to make progress in the theorization of the coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models.
International audience ; AbstractThe coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models are an issue that is evincing much interest from the media and the political and professional fields. It is also an active area of research, a fact which led to a call for articles and the publication of a special issue. This article introduces and analyzes the 9 articles selected and published in 2020, and characterizes the diversity of the associated research (issues, fields, disciplines). After shedding light on the polysemy involved, as well as the fundamentals of the concept of agricultural and food model mobilized by the authors, we examine how they consider situations of coexistence. We identify three epistemological postures that reflect the contrasting positions of the authors vis-à-vis knowledge, actors, and action: functionalist coexistence, coexistence based on power relations, and coexistence in a transition perspective. These studies encourage the development of new research perspectives, in particular in order to make progress in the theorization of the coexistence and confrontation of agricultural and food models.
In France, questions related to work are now crucial to the future of the dairy farming sector. Labour issues have put a brake on the setting-up and maintenance of dairy farms. The workgroups managing the farms are evolving, livestock farmers are expressing new relationships with their work and adaptations are being implemented by farmers to respond to work constraints. This study aims at shedding light on the links between these evolutions in workgroups and adaptations of dairy farms. It is based on 30 surveys carried out with dairy farmers in the Segala, a region in the south of the Massif Central, where many small and medium-sized family dairy farms are still to be found. We identify four organisational profiles of dairy systems as particular associations between work solutions (adaptation of the workforce, the technical management or the equipment), structural and functional characteristics of the farms. These organisational profiles are not independent of the workgroups running the farms (couple, family association, non-family association, individual farmer). In the non-family associations, adaptations concerning mechanisation are the most usual, sometimes associated with the choice of a complete diet to improve herd productivity as well as work productivity. Playing on different registers to modify their work, farmers as individuals or working as a couple more often turn to simplifications affecting milking and grazing, jointly counting on recourse to non-family manpower. This study underlines how important it is to take the nature of the workgroup running the farms explicitly into account in the formulation of "work" advice
In France, questions related to work are now crucial to the future of the dairy farming sector. Labour issues have put a brake on the setting-up and maintenance of dairy farms. The workgroups managing the farms are evolving, livestock farmers are expressing new relationships with their work and adaptations are being implemented by farmers to respond to work constraints. This study aims at shedding light on the links between these evolutions in workgroups and adaptations of dairy farms. It is based on 30 surveys carried out with dairy farmers in the Segala, a region in the south of the Massif Central, where many small and medium-sized family dairy farms are still to be found. We identify four organisational profiles of dairy systems as particular associations between work solutions (adaptation of the workforce, the technical management or the equipment), structural and functional characteristics of the farms. These organisational profiles are not independent of the workgroups running the farms (couple, family association, non-family association, individual farmer). In the non-family associations, adaptations concerning mechanisation are the most usual, sometimes associated with the choice of a complete diet to improve herd productivity as well as work productivity. Playing on different registers to modify their work, farmers as individuals or working as a couple more often turn to simplifications affecting milking and grazing, jointly counting on recourse to non-family manpower. This study underlines how important it is to take the nature of the workgroup running the farms explicitly into account in the formulation of "work" advice
In France, questions related to work are now crucial to the future of the dairy farming sector. Labour issues have put a brake on the setting-up and maintenance of dairy farms. The workgroups managing the farms are evolving, livestock farmers are expressing new relationships with their work and adaptations are being implemented by farmers to respond to work constraints. This study aims at shedding light on the links between these evolutions in workgroups and adaptations of dairy farms. It is based on 30 surveys carried out with dairy farmers in the Segala, a region in the south of the Massif Central, where many small and medium-sized family dairy farms are still to be found. We identify four organisational profiles of dairy systems as particular associations between work solutions (adaptation of the workforce, the technical management or the equipment), structural and functional characteristics of the farms. These organisational profiles are not independent of the workgroups running the farms (couple, family association, non-family association, individual farmer). In the non-family associations, adaptations concerning mechanisation are the most usual, sometimes associated with the choice of a complete diet to improve herd productivity as well as work productivity. Playing on different registers to modify their work, farmers as individuals or working as a couple more often turn to simplifications affecting milking and grazing, jointly counting on recourse to non-family manpower. This study underlines how important it is to take the nature of the workgroup running the farms explicitly into account in the formulation of "work" advice
International audience ; For livestock farmers, the diversity of tasks, the freedom to act as he likes, the contact with nature and animals explain the attraction, often passionate, for an activity, in constant mutation due to technical and sociological evolutions. Gains in efficiency and productivity are diminished by the enlargement of the structures and the workload remains important. Nowadays livestock farmers seek to better balance work and private life, and to preserve their health, which implies decent working conditions, more daily serenity and a recognition of their societal role. Automation and robotization demand to acquire technological mastery, but allow time savings and bring flexibility in organizing days. The wage-earning and the feminization are developing: they modify farmers' job and could contribute more to the renewal of the generations. Environmental and animal welfare concerns lead to systems known to be more agro-ecological, but requiring new learning and complex transitions. The head-on questionings to livestock farming are offset by local initiatives demonstrating the social utility of farms which provide jobs, territorial identity and healthy products. The diversity of livestock models in the territories, complementarity between them and others agricultural and non-agricultural activities, as well as the renewal of advisory tools are part of perspectives to arouse the desire to become a farmer. This article presents, in the light of the social, societal and economic changes, the issues under dispute about the work and the profession of the livestock farmers. ; Pour les éleveurs, la diversité des tâches, la liberté d'agir à sa guise, la proximité avec la nature et les animaux expliquent l'attrait, souvent passionné, pour une profession en constante mutation suite aux évolutions techniques et sociologiques. Les gains d'efficience et de productivité sont rognés par l'augmentation de la taille des structures et la charge de travail reste toujours importante. Aujourd'hui les éleveurs cherchent un meilleur équilibre vie privée / vie professionnelle, à préserver leur santé et une reconnaissance de leur rôle sociétal, ce qui implique des conditions de travail correctes et plus de sérénité au quotidien. L'automatisation et la robotisation demandent d'acquérir une maîtrise technologique mais apportent de la souplesse et permettent des gains de temps. La part de salariat et la féminisation des chefs d'exploitation qui se développent, modifient le rapport au métier et pourraient contribuer davantage au renouvellement des générations. Les préoccupations, environnementales et vis-à-vis du bien-être animal, suscitent des infléchissements, notamment agro-écologiques qui nécessitent de nouveaux apprentissages et des transitions toujours complexes. Les remises en cause, parfois frontales, de l'élevage côtoient des initiatives démontrant son utilité sociale comme pourvoyeur d'emplois, d'identité locale et de produits sains. La diversité dans les territoires des modèles d'élevage, les complémentarités entre eux et avec d'autres activités, agricoles ou non, ainsi que le renouvellement des outils de conseil sont autant de perspectives pour susciter le désir de "devenir éleveur". Cet article présente, à la lumière des mutations sociales, sociétales et économiques, les questions en débat autour du travail et du métier des éleveurs.
La coexistence et la confrontation des modèles agricoles et alimentaires est une thématique d'actualité dans le champ professionnel et politique mais qui reste peu instruite dans la recherche. Croisant les observations du Nord et du Sud et à l'écoute des préoccupations de professionnels agricoles, le département SAD a souhaité mettre en avant la coexistence et la confrontation de modèles agricoles et alimentaires comme une priorité stratégique de sa programmation 2016-2020. Pour contribuer à cartographier les recherches sur le sujet, des entretiens ont été réalisés auprès de 19 chercheurs d'unités de l'Inra-Sad. Puis une analyse transversale de ces 19 portraits a été menée en mobilisant une grille d'analyse. Nous préciserons d'abord les termes de modèles et de coexistence. Puis nous montrerons que la coexistence est au cœur des recherches de certains chercheurs depuis longtemps, alors que, pour d'autres, le thème est émergent et encore incertain. S'ils étudient une diversité d'objets en mobilisant des cadres théoriques et disciplinaires variés, tous soulignent la nécessaire interdisciplinarité. Le terme de la coexistence prend des sens différents selon les chercheurs. Certains soulignent la nécessité d'y accoler « confrontation » notamment quand il y a des enjeux politiques, parfois source de conflits et de lutte. D'autres préfèrent utiliser des termes voisins (co-présence, cohabitation, etc.). Certains chercheurs préfèrent se passer de la notion de modèles, ou utiliser des concepts avec lesquels ils sont plus à l'aise dans la recherche (formes, types, systèmes, etc.). Ce tour d'horizon ouvre des perspectives sur pourquoi et comment faire recherche sur la coexistence de modèles agricoles et alimentaires.
International audience ; For livestock farmers, the diversity of tasks, the freedom to act as he likes, the contact with nature and animals explain the attraction, often passionate, for an activity, in constant mutation due to technical and sociological evolutions. Gains in efficiency and productivity are diminished by the enlargement of the structures and the workload remains important. Nowadays livestock farmers seek to better balance work and private life, and to preserve their health, which implies decent working conditions, more daily serenity and a recognition of their societal role. Automation and robotization demand to acquire technological mastery, but allow time savings and bring flexibility in organizing days. The wage-earning and the feminization are developing: they modify farmers' job and could contribute more to the renewal of the generations. Environmental and animal welfare concerns lead to systems known to be more agro-ecological, but requiring new learning and complex transitions. The head-on questionings to livestock farming are offset by local initiatives demonstrating the social utility of farms which provide jobs, territorial identity and healthy products. The diversity of livestock models in the territories, complementarity between them and others agricultural and non-agricultural activities, as well as the renewal of advisory tools are part of perspectives to arouse the desire to become a farmer. This article presents, in the light of the social, societal and economic changes, the issues under dispute about the work and the profession of the livestock farmers. ; Pour les éleveurs, la diversité des tâches, la liberté d'agir à sa guise, la proximité avec la nature et les animaux expliquent l'attrait, souvent passionné, pour une profession en constante mutation suite aux évolutions techniques et sociologiques. Les gains d'efficience et de productivité sont rognés par l'augmentation de la taille des structures et la charge de travail reste toujours importante. Aujourd'hui les éleveurs ...
La coexistence et la confrontation des modèles agricoles et alimentaires est une thématique d'actualité dans le champ professionnel et politique mais qui reste peu instruite dans la recherche. Croisant les observations du Nord et du Sud et à l'écoute des préoccupations de professionnels agricoles, le département SAD a souhaité mettre en avant la coexistence et la confrontation de modèles agricoles et alimentaires comme une priorité stratégique de sa programmation 2016-2020. Pour contribuer à cartographier les recherches sur le sujet, des entretiens ont été réalisés auprès de 19 chercheurs d'unités de l'Inra-Sad. Puis une analyse transversale de ces 19 portraits a été menée en mobilisant une grille d'analyse. Nous préciserons d'abord les termes de modèles et de coexistence. Puis nous montrerons que la coexistence est au cœur des recherches de certains chercheurs depuis longtemps, alors que, pour d'autres, le thème est émergent et encore incertain. S'ils étudient une diversité d'objets en mobilisant des cadres théoriques et disciplinaires variés, tous soulignent la nécessaire interdisciplinarité. Le terme de la coexistence prend des sens différents selon les chercheurs. Certains soulignent la nécessité d'y accoler « confrontation » notamment quand il y a des enjeux politiques, parfois source de conflits et de lutte. D'autres préfèrent utiliser des termes voisins (co-présence, cohabitation, etc.). Certains chercheurs préfèrent se passer de la notion de modèles, ou utiliser des concepts avec lesquels ils sont plus à l'aise dans la recherche (formes, types, systèmes, etc.). Ce tour d'horizon ouvre des perspectives sur pourquoi et comment faire recherche sur la coexistence de modèles agricoles et alimentaires.
International audience ; For livestock farmers, the diversity of tasks, the freedom to act as he likes, the contact with nature and animals explain the attraction, often passionate, for an activity, in constant mutation due to technical and sociological evolutions. Gains in efficiency and productivity are diminished by the enlargement of the structures and the workload remains important. Nowadays livestock farmers seek to better balance work and private life, and to preserve their health, which implies decent working conditions, more daily serenity and a recognition of their societal role. Automation and robotization demand to acquire technological mastery, but allow time savings and bring flexibility in organizing days. The wage-earning and the feminization are developing: they modify farmers' job and could contribute more to the renewal of the generations. Environmental and animal welfare concerns lead to systems known to be more agro-ecological, but requiring new learning and complex transitions. The head-on questionings to livestock farming are offset by local initiatives demonstrating the social utility of farms which provide jobs, territorial identity and healthy products. The diversity of livestock models in the territories, complementarity between them and others agricultural and non-agricultural activities, as well as the renewal of advisory tools are part of perspectives to arouse the desire to become a farmer. This article presents, in the light of the social, societal and economic changes, the issues under dispute about the work and the profession of the livestock farmers. ; Pour les éleveurs, la diversité des tâches, la liberté d'agir à sa guise, la proximité avec la nature et les animaux expliquent l'attrait, souvent passionné, pour une profession en constante mutation suite aux évolutions techniques et sociologiques. Les gains d'efficience et de productivité sont rognés par l'augmentation de la taille des structures et la charge de travail reste toujours importante. Aujourd'hui les éleveurs cherchent un meilleur équilibre vie privée / vie professionnelle, à préserver leur santé et une reconnaissance de leur rôle sociétal, ce qui implique des conditions de travail correctes et plus de sérénité au quotidien. L'automatisation et la robotisation demandent d'acquérir une maîtrise technologique mais apportent de la souplesse et permettent des gains de temps. La part de salariat et la féminisation des chefs d'exploitation qui se développent, modifient le rapport au métier et pourraient contribuer davantage au renouvellement des générations. Les préoccupations, environnementales et vis-à-vis du bien-être animal, suscitent des infléchissements, notamment agro-écologiques qui nécessitent de nouveaux apprentissages et des transitions toujours complexes. Les remises en cause, parfois frontales, de l'élevage côtoient des initiatives démontrant son utilité sociale comme pourvoyeur d'emplois, d'identité locale et de produits sains. La diversité dans les territoires des modèles d'élevage, les complémentarités entre eux et avec d'autres activités, agricoles ou non, ainsi que le renouvellement des outils de conseil sont autant de perspectives pour susciter le désir de "devenir éleveur". Cet article présente, à la lumière des mutations sociales, sociétales et économiques, les questions en débat autour du travail et du métier des éleveurs.
La coexistence et la confrontation des modèles agricoles et alimentaires est une thématique d'actualité dans le champ professionnel et politique mais qui reste peu instruite dans la recherche. Croisant les observations du Nord et du Sud et à l'écoute des préoccupations de professionnels agricoles, le département SAD a souhaité mettre en avant la coexistence et la confrontation de modèles agricoles et alimentaires comme une priorité stratégique de sa programmation 2016-2020. Pour contribuer à cartographier les recherches sur le sujet, des entretiens ont été réalisés auprès de 19 chercheurs d'unités de l'Inra-Sad. Puis une analyse transversale de ces 19 portraits a été menée en mobilisant une grille d'analyse. Nous préciserons d'abord les termes de modèles et de coexistence. Puis nous montrerons que la coexistence est au cœur des recherches de certains chercheurs depuis longtemps, alors que, pour d'autres, le thème est émergent et encore incertain. S'ils étudient une diversité d'objets en mobilisant des cadres théoriques et disciplinaires variés, tous soulignent la nécessaire interdisciplinarité. Le terme de la coexistence prend des sens différents selon les chercheurs. Certains soulignent la nécessité d'y accoler « confrontation » notamment quand il y a des enjeux politiques, parfois source de conflits et de lutte. D'autres préfèrent utiliser des termes voisins (co-présence, cohabitation, etc.). Certains chercheurs préfèrent se passer de la notion de modèles, ou utiliser des concepts avec lesquels ils sont plus à l'aise dans la recherche (formes, types, systèmes, etc.). Ce tour d'horizon ouvre des perspectives sur pourquoi et comment faire recherche sur la coexistence de modèles agricoles et alimentaires.
International audience ; For livestock farmers, the diversity of tasks, the freedom to act as he likes, the contact with nature and animals explain the attraction, often passionate, for an activity, in constant mutation due to technical and sociological evolutions. Gains in efficiency and productivity are diminished by the enlargement of the structures and the workload remains important. Nowadays livestock farmers seek to better balance work and private life, and to preserve their health, which implies decent working conditions, more daily serenity and a recognition of their societal role. Automation and robotization demand to acquire technological mastery, but allow time savings and bring flexibility in organizing days. The wage-earning and the feminization are developing: they modify farmers' job and could contribute more to the renewal of the generations. Environmental and animal welfare concerns lead to systems known to be more agro-ecological, but requiring new learning and complex transitions. The head-on questionings to livestock farming are offset by local initiatives demonstrating the social utility of farms which provide jobs, territorial identity and healthy products. The diversity of livestock models in the territories, complementarity between them and others agricultural and non-agricultural activities, as well as the renewal of advisory tools are part of perspectives to arouse the desire to become a farmer. This article presents, in the light of the social, societal and economic changes, the issues under dispute about the work and the profession of the livestock farmers. ; Pour les éleveurs, la diversité des tâches, la liberté d'agir à sa guise, la proximité avec la nature et les animaux expliquent l'attrait, souvent passionné, pour une profession en constante mutation suite aux évolutions techniques et sociologiques. Les gains d'efficience et de productivité sont rognés par l'augmentation de la taille des structures et la charge de travail reste toujours importante. Aujourd'hui les éleveurs cherchent un meilleur équilibre vie privée / vie professionnelle, à préserver leur santé et une reconnaissance de leur rôle sociétal, ce qui implique des conditions de travail correctes et plus de sérénité au quotidien. L'automatisation et la robotisation demandent d'acquérir une maîtrise technologique mais apportent de la souplesse et permettent des gains de temps. La part de salariat et la féminisation des chefs d'exploitation qui se développent, modifient le rapport au métier et pourraient contribuer davantage au renouvellement des générations. Les préoccupations, environnementales et vis-à-vis du bien-être animal, suscitent des infléchissements, notamment agro-écologiques qui nécessitent de nouveaux apprentissages et des transitions toujours complexes. Les remises en cause, parfois frontales, de l'élevage côtoient des initiatives démontrant son utilité sociale comme pourvoyeur d'emplois, d'identité locale et de produits sains. La diversité dans les territoires des modèles d'élevage, les complémentarités entre eux et avec d'autres activités, agricoles ou non, ainsi que le renouvellement des outils de conseil sont autant de perspectives pour susciter le désir de "devenir éleveur". Cet article présente, à la lumière des mutations sociales, sociétales et économiques, les questions en débat autour du travail et du métier des éleveurs.
