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America's Liberal Social Climate and Trends
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 85, Heft 4, S. 1009-1049
ISSN: 1537-5331
The late James A. Davis characterized American public opinion in the Reagan era as "conservative weather" amidst a liberalizing "climate." By climate, he meant differences between cohorts, while the weather referred to trends within cohorts. Thirty years later, the public opinion climate continues to get more liberal, as each successive cohort continues to be more liberal, on balance, than the ones that came before them. Recent weather complements that by being quite liberal, too. Specifically, 62 percent of variables analyzed were more liberal in recent birth cohorts than they were in the oldest ones, but just 5 percent were more conservative (some did not differ among cohorts, and some were neither liberal nor conservative). Within cohorts, recent measurements were more liberal than early measurements for 51 percent of the variables and more conservative for 11 percent
American Religion, All or Nothing at All
In: Contexts / American Sociological Association: understanding people in their social worlds, Band 16, Heft 4, S. 78-80
ISSN: 1537-6052
michael hout on finding the non-religious through longitudinal data.
Sociology as a Population Science. By John H. Goldthorpe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Pp. ix+168. $24.99 (paper)
In: The American journal of sociology, Band 122, Heft 3, S. 1008-1010
ISSN: 1537-5390
Saint Peter's Leaky Boat: Falling Intergenerational Persistence among U.S.-Born Catholics since 1974
In: Sociology of religion, Band 77, Heft 1, S. 1-17
ISSN: 1759-8818
Money and Morale: Growing Inequality Affects How Americans View Themselves and Others
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 663, Heft 1, S. 204-228
ISSN: 1552-3349
Dozens of past studies document how affluent people feel somewhat better about life than middle-class people feel and much better than poor people do. New analyses of the General Social Surveys from 1974 to 2012 address questions in the literature regarding aggregate responses to hard times, whether the income-class relationship is linear or not, and whether inequality affects happiness. General happiness dropped significantly during the Great Recession, suggesting that the income-happiness relationship might also exist at the macro level. People with extremely low incomes are not as unhappy as a linear model expects, but there is no evidence of a threshold beyond which personal happiness stops increasing. Comparing happiness over the long term, the affluent were about as happy in 2012 as they were in the 1970s, but the poor were much less happy. Consequently, the gross happiness gap by income was about 30 percent bigger in 2012 than it was in the 1970s. A multivariate model shows that the net effect of income on happiness also increased significantly over time.
College Success and Inequality
In: Contexts / American Sociological Association: understanding people in their social worlds, Band 14, Heft 2, S. 62-63
ISSN: 1537-6052
Micahel Hout reviews How College Works and Degrees of Inequality.
A Summary of What We Know about Social Mobility
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 657, Heft 1, S. 27-36
ISSN: 1552-3349
Academic research on social mobility from the 1960s until now has made several facts clear. First, and most important, it is better to ask how the conditions and circumstances of early life constrain adult success than to ask who is moving up and who is not. The focus on origins keeps the substantive issues of opportunity and fairness in focus, while the mobility question leads to confusing side issues. Second, mobility is intrinsically symmetrical; each upward move is offset by a downward move in the absence of growth, expansion, or immigration. Third, social origins are not a single dimension of inequality that can be paired with the outcome of interest (without significant excluded variable bias); they are a comprehensive set of conditions describing the circumstances of youth. Fourth, the constraints of social origins vary by time, place, and subpopulation. These four 'knowns' should inform any attempt to collect new data on mobility. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright The American Academy of Political and Social Science.]
A summary of what we know about social mobility
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 657, Heft 1, S. 27-36
ISSN: 0002-7162
A Summary of What We Know about Social Mobility
In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 657, Heft 1, S. 27-36
ISSN: 1552-3349
Academic research on social mobility from the 1960s until now has made several facts clear. First, and most important, it is better to ask how the conditions and circumstances of early life constrain adult success than to ask who is moving up and who is not. The focus on origins keeps the substantive issues of opportunity and fairness in focus, while the mobility question leads to confusing side issues. Second, mobility is intrinsically symmetrical; each upward move is offset by a downward move in the absence of growth, expansion, or immigration. Third, social origins are not a single dimension of inequality that can be paired with the outcome of interest (without significant excluded variable bias); they are a comprehensive set of conditions describing the circumstances of youth. Fourth, the constraints of social origins vary by time, place, and subpopulation. These four "knowns" should inform any attempt to collect new data on mobility.
Social and Economic Returns to College Education in the United States
In: Annual review of sociology, Band 38, Heft 1, S. 379-400
ISSN: 1545-2115
Education correlates strongly with most important social and economic outcomes such as economic success, health, family stability, and social connections. Theories of stratification and selection created doubts about whether education actually caused good things to happen. Because schools and colleges select who continues and who does not, it was easy to imagine that education added little of substance. Evidence now tips the balance away from bias and selection and in favor of substance. Investments in education pay off for individuals in many ways. The size of the direct effect of education varies among individuals and demographic groups. Education affects individuals and groups who are less likely to pursue a college education more than traditional college students. A smaller literature on social returns to education indicates that communities, states, and nations also benefit from increased education of their populations; some estimates imply that the social returns exceed the private returns.
The Race between Education and Technology. By Claudia Goldin and Lawrence F. Katz. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2008. Pp. 320. $39.95
In: The American journal of sociology, Band 115, Heft 3, S. 950-952
ISSN: 1537-5390
American Higher Ed Isn't Doing the Job
In: Contexts / American Sociological Association: understanding people in their social worlds, Band 8, Heft 1, S. 76-76
ISSN: 1537-6052
One thing I know is the United States isn't producing enough college graduates to compete in the global economy.
Cain and Abel: The Pecking Order by Dalton Conley. New York: Pantheon, 2004, 304 Pages
In: Contexts / American Sociological Association: understanding people in their social worlds, Band 3, Heft 2, S. 61-62
ISSN: 1537-6052