Suchergebnisse

Nonresident fathers' financial support and time are both important to children's well‐being, although the association between these two types of involvement is mixed in the literature. Using the 1994 – 2004 waves of the Current Population Survey‐Child Support Supplement, this article examined the associations between mothers' reports of child support payments and visitation. The results indicated that about 36% of nonresident fathers did not visit their children at all, and the distribution of visitation was highly skewed. Therefore, zero‐inflated Poisson regression was used, and the results indicated that the amount of child support payments was positively associated with the onset but not the frequency of visitation. Policy and research implications are discussed.

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines how early childhood intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure at ages 1 and 3 affects delinquency at age 15 years, while controlling for parenting when children were 5 years of age and early delinquency when children were 9 years of age.BackgroundExposure to IPV has been found to be a strong predictor of youth delinquency. Early delinquency is known to be a strong predictor of persistent, severe, and violent offending throughout the life course. This study aims to extend this line of research by analyzing the relation between IPV exposure and adolescent delinquency using longitudinal data collected from a nationally representative sample.MethodThe data came from the first six waves of the Fragile Families and Child Well‐being Study. The sample (N = 2,532) was 50.8% male, and average age was 15.6 years. Race/ethnicity distribution was as follows: 46.8% Black, 24.5% non‐Hispanic White, 24.5% Hispanic, and 3.8% other race/ethnicity.ResultsExposure to IPV, particularly economic abuse, significantly affects delinquency at age 15. Negative parenting and early delinquency partially mediated these effects.ConclusionIPV exposure at ages as young as 1 and 3 years can affect children's delinquent behaviors during adolescence.ImplicationsThese findings suggest a need for early interventions for those exposed to IPV at a young age.

AbstractInequalities within and between countries continue to grow as a result of globalization. Although traditional anti‐poverty efforts from governments and NGOs have had their respective successes, poverty continues to exist in every country, particularly in rural areas where there are fewer resources to support socioeconomic development. Private enterprises may use their strengths, including market knowledge and accessibility to various resources, to develop innovative business models that can provide viable and effective solutions to social problems such as poverty. This article examines a case study of a poverty alleviation initiative by Jingdong (JD). The results indicate that JD utilizes industrial poverty alleviation to empower local enterprises. Through the use of education and training, finance, and employment support, JD builds an ecosystem that provides local enterprises high‐quality employees and reliable logistics with which to conduct business. As a result, the JD model enables local enterprises to compensate farmers with sufficient wages that can reduce poverty and improve their well‐being, creating a mutually beneficial solution for all stakeholders. The findings demonstrate the potential of a private enterprise to reduce poverty in a way that might not be otherwise independently achieved by government and NGOs.

Amid the accumulation of private wealth in China, family foundations have begun to emerge in recent decades. Little research, however, has explored this nascent phenomenon. This article examines the development of two Chinese family foundations — the Lao Niu Foundation and the Lu Jiaxiang Foundation — using document analyses and semi-structured interviews with foundation leaders. While detailed data on program effectiveness and efficiency is lacking because of underdeveloped methods of evaluation, it is evident that both foundations have generated positive impacts on social development despite an overall lack of support for the foundation sector from Chinese government policy. The case studies indicate that Chinese family foundations are exploring new paths in an increasingly mature philanthropic environment, and suggest several development approaches for family foundations in China and other emerging philanthropic sectors.

Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, we employed counterfactual propensity score matching to examine the association between income and health service utilization and expenditure of the elderly in China. The results demonstrated that income did not differentiate whether the poor elderly in China visited a doctor when suffering an illness, but their expenditure on medical treatment was significantly associated with income. Subgroup analysis further indicated that the medical demands of female, older, and rural elderly were more likely to be reduced by their income compared with their counterparts.

This paper examines charitable giving from wealthy individuals in both the United States and China. It assesses the motivations of wealthy donors and analyzes the donation trends from the top fifty philanthropists in the last decade in both countries. The data depicts that in both the United States and China, asset size increases more rapidly than donation rates over time. Capitalism offers a possible way to advance social development; however, increasing income inequality may damage the advancement. While substantial philanthropic engagement from wealthy individuals may be an important mechanism to balance capitalism and income inequality, the data indicates that collective sharing of capital continues to have room to further develop.

Abstract: Quantitative analyses were conducted in order to examine maternal characteristics connected to the establishment of a child support order and reasons why some mothers did not have an order. Based on single‐mother reports from the Current Population Survey during the 1994–1998 period, results indicated that approximately 36% of mothers eligible for child support did not have an order, and, for the majority of them, objective constraint such as establishing paternity played at least some role in not having an order. Findings suggest the need for interventions employing diverse approaches that are sensitive to racial and demographic patterns amongst single mothers in order to remove barriers connected to child support award.