Suchergebnisse

Since the non-governmental organization GRAIN called attention to a global land grab in the year 2008, the rise in global land deals and the internationalization of land tenancy have also caused intensive scientific interest. However, most of the land grabbing literature focused on negative social consequences for the local population. In this paper I will examine the opposite side by focusing on the investors. In the center of interest is the expansion of agribusiness, which is considered to be the main factor for land grabbing. In the context of the current land rush it is remarkable that actors of the 'Global South play an increasingly important role. This is also the case in the sector of the agribusiness, where big agribusiness enterprises emerged, which have access to large-scale land areas and are eager to increase their land control, not only nationally but also in foreign countries. An illustrative example is Brazil where the agribusiness gained significant importance (especially in the Brazilian cerrado) over the last decades. Through this development big Brazilian companies appeared which are now increasingly contributing to the current land rush, often with support of the government. The aim of this paper is to give a general overview about the importance of actors of the Global South in the context of the current land rush. Drawing from the Brazilian case, I will depict the evolution of the agribusiness sector in Brazil and the new trans- and international relations arising on the basis of the expansion of the agribusiness model. ; Christoph Huber ; Refereed/Peer-reviewed ; (VLID)2218591

Previous research has shown that minority grievances can contribute significantly to violent conflict. However, it appears that grievances do not inevitably induce religious and other minorities to engage in protest or rebellion. Moreover, relative deprivation may explain conflict but not necessarily violent conflict. Contributing to research on these questions, this paper explores the conditions under which the grievances of religious minorities lead to non-violent or violent protest. Using a motive-opportunity framework, we assume that members of religious minorities who feel discriminated against must be willing and able to engage in peaceful and violent forms of protest - and that certain conditions are required for grievances to result in peaceful or violent dissent. We test this proposition by comparing the Jewish and Muslim communities in Canada. Our findings indicate that relative economic and political deprivation may create concrete grievances that in combination with origin-based value incompatibilities can explain differences in behaviour in reaction to these grievances.

The article examines how to adapt the global production network (GPN) approach to situations of natural resource extraction. Based on an integration of a political ecology perspective into GPN research, we exemplarily apply the GPN framework to the primary sector. Based on extensive qualitative fieldwork regarding Argentine lithium mining and Brazilian soy agribusiness we illustrate that particularly a political ecological environmental perspective allows for a more nuanced and critical analysis of ambiguous local development outcomes. While from a purely economic development perspective in both cases the economic activity (integrated into GPNs) is celebrated as an imperative economic growth driver, our framework helps identify the emergence of unilateral dependencies, a decline of social autonomy and an unequal distribution of environmental risks.

The article examines how to adapt the global production network (GPN) approach to situations of natural resource extraction. Based on an integration of a political ecology perspective into GPN research, we exemplarily apply the GPN framework to the primary sector. Based on extensive qualitative fieldwork regarding Argentine lithium mining and Brazilian soy agribusiness we illustrate that particularly a political ecological environmental perspective allows for a more nuanced and critical analysis of ambiguous local development outcomes. While from a purely economic development perspective in both cases the economic activity (integrated into GPNs) is celebrated as an imperative economic growth driver, our framework helps identify the emergence of unilateral dependencies, a decline of social autonomy and an unequal distribution of environmental risks.

The article examines how to adapt the global production network (GPN) approach to situations of natural resource extraction. Based on an integration of a political ecology perspective into GPN research, we exemplarily apply the GPN framework to the primary sector. Based on extensive qualitative fieldwork regarding Argentine lithium mining and Brazilian soy agribusiness we illustrate that particularly a political ecological environmental perspective allows for a more nuanced and critical analysis of ambiguous local development outcomes. While from a purely economic development perspective in both cases the economic activity (integrated into GPNs) is celebrated as an imperative economic growth driver, our framework helps identify the emergence of unilateral dependencies, a decline of social autonomy and an unequal distribution of environmental risks.