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This paper presents an appraisal and critique of the attempt to include the culture-bound syndromes (CBS) in DSM-IV. DSM-IV's assumptions about the ontologic status of the CBSs are unacceptably fuzzy. The claim that the CBSs are'unique' or'specific to given a culture' is frivolous and should be relegated to an account of the developmental history of the concept of the CBS rather than included in the armamentarium of the diagnostician. Once cultural considerations are accepted as part of all diagnostic categories, it will no longer be necessary to group specific culturally determined behavior patterns into the disjunctive category'CBSs'. The CBSs are important not as a museum of exotic, static, bounded entities, but as illustrations of a generic way of thinking about relationships between psychopathology and cultural context.

Culture-Bound or Construct-Bound? The Syndromes and DSM-III -- Sorting the Culture-Bound Syndromes -- I: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric Interest in which some Evidence Supports the Hypothesis of a Neurophysiological Shaping Factor -- A. The Startle Matching Taxon -- The Resolution of the Latah Paradox -- Paradox Lost: The Latah Problem Revisited -- Latah II — Problems with a Purely Symbolic Interpretation: A Reply to Michael G. Kenny -- Shamans and Imu: Among Two Ainu Groups — Toward a Cross-Cultural Model of Interpretation -- Commentary -- B. The Sleep Paralysis Taxon -- Uqamairineq and Uqumanigianiq: Eskimo Sleep Paralysis -- The Old Hag Phenomenon as Sleep Paralysis: A Biocultural Interpretation -- Commentary -- II: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric Interest in which a Neurophysiological Shaping Factor is only Suspected -- A. The Genital Retraction Taxon -- Koro — A Cultural Disease -- Koro in a Nigerian Male Patient: A Case Report -- The Koro Pattern of Depersonalization in an American Schizophrenic Patient -- Indigenous Koro, A Genital Retraction Syndrome of Insular Southeast Asia: A Critical Review -- Commentary -- B. The Sudden Mass Assault Taxon -- Ethno-Behaviorism and the Culture-Bound Syndromes: The Case of Amok -- Sudden Mass Assault with Grenade: An Epidemic Amok Form from Laos -- The Amok Syndrome in Papua and New Guinea -- Amok -- Commentary -- C. The Running Taxon -- Pibloktoq (Hysteria) Among the Polar Eskimo: An Ethnopsychiatric Study -- Grisi Siknis in Miskito Culture -- The Transformation of Arctic Hysteria -- Commentary -- III: Folk Illnesses Usually Listed as Culture-Bound Psychiatric Syndromes which should Probably No Longer be so Considered -- A. The Fright Illness Taxon -- The Folk Illness Called Susto -- Saladera — A Culture-Bound Misfortune Syndrome in the Peruvian Amazon -- Lanti, Illness by Fright Among Bisayan Filipinos -- Mogo Laya, A New Guinea Fright Illness -- Commentary -- B. The Cannibal Compulsion Taxon -- Windigo Psychosis: The Anatomy of an Emic-Etic Confusion -- Commentaries and Replies -- Commentary -- Append -- Glossary of 'Culture-Bound' or Folk Psychiatric Syndromes -- Charles C. Hughes -- List of Contributors -- to the Index.