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Abstract The concept of mimesis can be utilized in educational theorizations of democratic citizenship and in fleshing out learning paths related to citizenship. It offers the possibility to examine citizenship from the viewpoint of an informal way of learning that is, at times, unconscious, and even accidental, and which can lead to unwanted outcomes. Such characteristics of learning are inescapable for human beings and, thus, hold crucial importance for education for democratic citizenship. Drawing on the theory of mimesis, the chapter argues for the importance of acknowledging the mimetic power of emotions. It employs particularly Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer's account of mimesis in which mimesis is both a possibility and a threat. However, according to them, the modern individual has a strong tendency toward unfavourable mimesis due to an unbalanced human-nature relationship. The overall purpose is to examine how the notion of mimesis can contribute to education for democracy.

Introduction: Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is one of the most important evaluation tools in geriatrics, but there is variability in its use in different clinical settings. In this study we aimed to clarify how Finnish geriatricians apply CGA in their clinical practice. Methods: We organized a web-based survey among the members of Finnish Geriatricians (n = 248). The questionnaire included items about use and content of CGA. The evaluated domains were assessment of cognition, nutrition and functional ability, evaluation of depression, and measurement of orthostatic blood pressure. Results: Altogether 121 physicians (49%) responded, and the present analysis included 95 geriatricians performing clinical work. Majority of the respondents (94%) used CGA. Of them, 38% performed CGA to all new patients and 62% to selected patients only. Ten respondents (11%) incorporated all five domains into CGA whereas others selected domains according to their clinical judgment. Greater proportion of female than male physicians included evaluation of depression (39% vs. 16%, P = 0.045) and assessment of functional ability (48% vs. 24%, P = 0.01) always in CGA. Respondents, who applied CGA to all new patients, incorporated nutritional assessment (68% vs. 34%, P = 0.002) and measurement of orthostatic blood pressure (76% vs. 54%, P = 0.04) always into CGA more often than those who performed CGA to selected patients only. Respondents' working conditions were not associated with the application of CGA. Conclusions: Majority of the respondents performed CGA to their patients. The content of CGA varied between geriatricians. Incomplete evaluation may lead to inadequate detection of geriatric syndromes and other problems. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS and European Union Geriatric Medicine Society. All rights reserved. ; Peer reviewed