Suchergebnisse

The paper deals with the effects of the structure and the working of the egocentric network to the immobile status of rural youth. The research was made in 2018 among 19-25-year-old youth living in villages with not more than 2500 inhabitants. More, than a hundred (104) structured interview was made: 53 youth and 51 parents. Firstly, the study shows the network size and composition of the examined population, then the influence of the revealed functions of the egocentric network of the youth to their immobility. Based on the data the egocentric network of the youth mainly consist of strong ties: close kin and other relatives. From the weak ties the most frequent contacts belong to the education institutions as primary or grammar school, university. The local schools have a great role in the forming of the friendships. The local working place contacts, neighbours and acquaintanceships are not general actors of the egocentric networks of the youth.

People around a person have important roles of the social integration and form of quality of life.Changes in the life circumstances like getting a job or changes of the workplaces have significanteffect to egocentric social network. In a new workplace usually shape new relationships. Thenagain, it is also possible that besides increasing of number of new contacts, there will be those,which are drop out from the personal network. Paper shows the rearrange of the personalsocial network of people who works as a commuter and theirs partnerships. Commuter is aperson who works far from his/her home and he/she goes home weekly or rarely. This topic wasexamined making interviews in 2019 (N=24). On the one hand, these interviews revealed a wideand confidant family and kin networks. On the other hand, it seems that, due to the workplacesand the common activities at the workplaces and other places (accommodation, shopping etc.), commuter can make new, long-term and confidant friendships which complete his/her familyrelationships and make their social capital stronger.

A tanulmány Magyarországon élő magasan képzett fiatal bevándorlók akkulturációs stratégiájával foglalkozik. Az akkulturációs folyamatok értelmezése kulturális és kapcsolati dimenziókban történt. A kapcsolathálózatok összetételének vizsgálata az úgynevezett személyes kapcsolathálózati térkép segítségével zajlott, ami lehetővé tette a kapcsolatok fizikai elérhetőségének, kulturális hovatartozásának és érzelmi közelségének vizsgálatát. Az adatgyűjtés kvalitatív és kvantitatív technikák ötvözésével, két hullámban zajlott. Bár alacsony elemszámmal (N=30), de ugyanazon személyek megkérdezésére került sor az első regisztrált koronavírus-fertőzés hazai megjelenése előtti időszakban (2020 eleje), valamint a szigorú járványügyi korlátozások időszakában (2021 eleje). A kedvező szociodemográfiai jellemzőkkel rendelkező válaszadók mindkét évben kiterjedt kapcsolathálózattal rendelkeztek és kapcsolathálózatuk kiterjedtsége csak enyhe mértékű csökkenést mutatott. A válaszadók többségénél a befogadó ország irányába történő orientáció gyengült, az akkulturációs stratégiák a dezintegráció irányába mozdultak el. Az egocentrikus kapcsolathálózatok összetételét illetően a befogadó társadalomhoz tartozó, elsősorban gyengébb kötésű, integrációs akkulturációs stratégiát elősegítő kapcsolatok aránya csökkent, míg a szeparálódó, transzmigrációs és izolálódó stratégiát támogató saját etnokulturális csoporthoz vagy más migránscsoportokhoz tartozó kapcsolatok aránya növekedett. Jelen tanulmányban a fenti folyamatok mélyebb vizsgálatára és megértésére teszünk kísérletet. A tanulmány célja a különböző akkulturációs stratégiák és azok változásainak kvalitatív jellemzése.

The paper studies how negative life events affect risk behaviour of children and young people. Calculations on the database of the 'Hungarian youth 2012' research suggest that negative life events are strong predictors of different types of risk behaviour like alcohol, drug abuse and suicide. According to the data people who have experienced several and more serious negative life events, more likely refuse and turn away from the norms of the adult society than those whose life proves to be less stressful. To place these results into child protection context, the study calls attention to the fact that the Hungarian child protection system does not treat each group in the fragmented society equally, although, on the basis of the incidence of threat it should. Another important message of this paper is to highlight that in addition to scientific values large-scale sociological research studies have professional and practical values as well. To support it, from the questions of the well-known Holmes-Rahe scale the authors re-developed an exploration scale (Reduced Life Events Scale). The application of the Reduced Life Event Scale (or the original Holmes-Rahe scale) allows experts to focus more on the studied issues in the process of planning services, prevention and case work. The tool might propose solutions to use the insufficient resources in a more targeted way.

Living in segregated areas with concentrated neighbourhood poverty negatively affects the quality of life, including the availability of local jobs, access to services, and supportive social relationships. However, even with similar neighbourhood poverty levels, the degree and structure of spatial separation vary markedly between such areas. We expected that the level of spatial segregation aggravates the social exclusion of its inhabitants by negatively affecting their social capital. To test this hypothesis, we identified three low‐income neighbourhoods with high poverty rates (78%) in a medium‐sized town in Hungary, with different levels of integration in the city (based on characteristics such as the degree of spatial separation, infrastructure, and availability of services). The three neighbourhoods were located in two areas of differing degrees of integration in the fabric of the city: fully integrated, semi‐integrated (integrated into the surrounding residential area but isolated from the city), and non‐integrated. 69% of the 394 households in these areas were represented in our sample (one respondent per household). We interviewed respondents regarding the size and composition of their personal networks. Our results, which also distinguished between Roma and non‐Roma inhabitants, showed that those living in the spatially more integrated area not only have the largest and most diverse networks but seem to have a strong, "bonding‐based" cohesive community network as well. Even the non‐Roma who live there have ethnically heterogeneous - in other words - Roma network members. The disintegrated area, on the other hand, is characterised by both spatial and social isolation.

This article presents findings about the impact of the first Covid‐related lockdown on the face‐to‐face (FTF) interpersonal contact networks of the Hungarian adult population. Our primary objective is to understand how the size, composition, and quality of such networks have changed. We base our analysis on the contact‐diary method. Our data were collected from two representative surveys of the Hungarian adult population: one in 2015 (N = 372) and one in May 2020 (N = 1001) during the first wave of the Covid‐19 epidemic. No decline in the overall bonding social capital can be detected; however, social isolation has increased. A restructuring has occurred: a considerable increase manifests in the proportion of kin ties, especially children, and a decrease in the importance of non‐kin ties, with a particularly sharp decline in friendships. FTF contacts indicate an increased emotional intensity (except for non‐kin, non‐household members) and an increase in the length of conversations, but there is a decrease in the frequency of meeting alters. The changes wrought different effects on different age groups, with the restrictions most negatively affecting the size of FTF contact networks for respondents aged 60 years or older. Our findings point to the stability and resilience of close family relations, yet the doubling of social isolation as early as May 2020 underlines fears about the pandemic's potentially detrimental effects on social connectedness. The decline in friendship ties (and most probably in other weak ties) may lead to a reduction not only in the amount and scope of accessible social capital but also to a weakening social integration.