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Spotlighting case studies of manipulation practices at the onset of the Covid-19, the authors expose context-specific discourse and argumentation strategies of 'infodemics', public policy mismanagement, deceptive online and offline communication tactics, and conspiracy narratives, which end up disrupting community social cohesion.

Intro -- Questioning and Answering Practices across Contexts and Cultures -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Questions we (inter)act with: Interrelatedness of questions and answers across discourses -- 1. Preliminaries -- 2. Question-answer interplay: Problematizations in philosophical traditions -- 3. Question-answer interplay: Theoretical perspectives on forms and structures -- 4. Question-answer interplay: Usages and impacts across communities of practice -- 4.1 Question-answer interplay in courtroom interrogations -- 4.2 Question-answer interplay in police interviews -- 4.3 Question-answer interplay in doctor-patient interactions -- 4.4 Question-answer interplay in media interviews -- 4.5 Question-answer interplay in parliamentary debates -- 5. The contributions to this volume -- References -- Part I. Questioning and answering strategies in parliamentary discourses -- Evasive answers vs. aggressive questions: Parliamentary confrontational practices in Prime Minister's questions -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Data and research questions -- 2. Parliamentary questioning practices - previous studies -- 3. Parliamentary questions: Standard or non-standard questions? -- 4. Interrelatedness of parliamentary questions and answers -- i. Topical focus/foci of parliamentary questions and answers -- ii. Targets addressed by parliamentary questions -- iii. Goals pursued by parliamentary questions and impacts on parliamentary answers -- 5. Strategies of parliamentary questioning and answering in PMQs -- 6. Asking and answering parliamentary questions -- 6.1 Confirmation-eliciting questions and confirming/disconfirming- or evasive answers -- 6.2 Commitment-eliciting questions -- 6.3 Action-eliciting questions -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Japanese politicians' questions in parliament: Being polite yet forceful?.

In the European tradition, parliaments are central political institutions that play a crucial role in the development of democratic societies. No other institution regularly offers a public arena for open deliberation and dissent, for discussing opposite points of view and for reaching compromise solutions between political adversaries. However, in spite of the growing visibility of modern parliaments, the study of parliamentary language use, interaction practices and discourse strategies has long been under-researched. Based on extensive parliamentary data, this book integrates a rich variety

In the European tradition, parliaments are central political institutions that play a crucial role in the development of democratic societies. No other institution regularly offers a public arena for open deliberation and dissent, for discussing opposite points of view and for reaching compromise solutions between political adversaries. However, in spite of the growing visibility of modern parliaments, the study of parliamentary language use, interaction practices and discourse strategies has long been under-researched. Based on extensive parliamentary data, this book integrates a rich variety.

In parliamentary systems of government, the struggle for political power is widespread in intra- and inter-party politics. Parliamentary debates constitute institutionally ratified practices of multiparty political deliberation through dialogue-for and against-the representatives of democratically elected citizens.Taking as case studies the parliaments of the United Kingdom and some European countries, this article outlines, illustrates, and examines the following major issues related to parliamentary debates: deliberative practices, the gender and sub-genres of parliamentary discourse, target audiences and publics, roles of representatives and key issues in the debates. ; En los sistemas de gobierno parlamentario, la lucha por el poder político se despliega ampliamente en la política intra e interpartidaria. Los debates parlamentarios constituyen prácticas institucionalmente ratificadas de deliberación política multipartidista a través del diálogo- a favor y en contra -de los representantes de los ciudadanos elegidos democráticamene.Tomando como casos de estudio los parlamentos británico y de algunos países europeos, en este artículo se esbozan, ilustran y examinan las siguientes cuestiones principales relacionadas con los debates parlamentarios: prácticas de deliberación, el género y subgéneros del discurso parlamentario, destinatarios y públicos, funciones de los representantes, temas clave en los debates.

In parliamentary systems of government, the struggle for political power is widespread in intra- and inter-party politics. Parliamentary debates constitute institutionally ratified practices of multiparty political deliberation through dialogue-for and against-the representatives of democratically elected citizens.Taking as case studies the parliaments of the United Kingdom and some European countries, this article outlines, illustrates, and examines the following major issues related to parliamentary debates: deliberative practices, the gender and sub-genres of parliamentary discourse, target audiences and publics, roles of representatives and key issues in the debates. ; En los sistemas de gobierno parlamentario, la lucha por el poder político se despliega ampliamente en la política intra e interpartidaria. Los debates parlamentarios constituyen prácticas institucionalmente ratificadas de deliberación política multipartidista a través del diálogo- a favor y en contra -de los representantes de los ciudadanos elegidos democráticamene.Tomando como casos de estudio los parlamentos británico y de algunos países europeos, en este artículo se esbozan, ilustran y examinan las siguientes cuestiones principales relacionadas con los debates parlamentarios: prácticas de deliberación, el género y subgéneros del discurso parlamentario, destinatarios y públicos, funciones de los representantes, temas clave en los debates.

After a record number of women were elected to the House of Commons in 1997, many incidents of sexism and abusive behaviour were reported. The aim of this article is twofold: on the one hand, to scrutinize the mechanisms and effects of sexist discrimination and stereotyping of women MPs in the House of Commons; on the other, to identify the strategies used by female (and male) MPs to subvert discriminatory representations, and to counteract gender-biased and sexist treatment. The focus of the multi-level analysis is on three recurrent strategies: objectifying women MPs through fixation on personal appearance rather than professional performance (e.g. making trivialising comments about women's hair and dressing style); patronizing women MPs through the use of derogatory forms of address (e.g. directly addressing them by the terms of endearment "honey", "dear", "woman"); and stigmatizing women MPs through abusive and discriminatory labelling (e.g. ascribing to them stereotypically insulting names.

Oral metadiscourse is envisaged in the present study as a set of rhetorically structured communicative & interactional strategies used by speakers to signal, highlight, mitigate, or cancel parts of their ongoing discourse & their varying relevance to different addressees &/or audience members. Parliamentary metadiscursive strategies are typical manifestations of MPs' joint negotiations of the degree of directness, explicitness, appropriateness, etc., of the interlocutors' discursive representations, interpretations & evaluations of events, processes, as well as people's ideas & actions. One important consequence is that institutional adversariality co-occurs with interpersonal adversariality. Metadiscourse does not simply consist of distinct fragments of discourse & discursive patterns. Some of the rhetorically most effective strategies of parliamentary metadiscourse operate simultaneously on several levels of discourse. These strategies include various manifestations of the participants' cognitive & inter-relational acts aimed at controlling, evaluating, adjusting, & negotiating the goals & the effects of their, & of their interlocutors', ongoing talk. The metadiscursive level of parliamentary discourse helps to articulate particular aspects of speaker-interlocutor relations &/or speaker-audience relations. This involves particularly speaker role shifts, discursive scope widening/narrowing, multiple-audience targeting, re/definition of terms & concepts, minimizing/maximizing accountability & merit, & challenging facts & statistics. Metadiscursive statements may convey simple, double, or multiple messages. 28 References. Adapted from the source document.