Part 2: Workshop ; International audience ; This paper surveys remarkable incidents that were related to the Homeland Security and Defense such as terrors, disasters and cyber-attacks and overviews the existing projects given by the department of Homeland Security and Defense of the US government. Through the overview, technological foundations in the projects are extracted and discussed. Additionally, this paper introduces a common framework, as an example, supporting the delivery service for RFID Tracking, Sensor Network, Video Surveillance and Image Screening, which are the major technological foundations in the Homeland Security and Defense. As providing an outline of the technological aspects of the Homeland Security and Defense, this paper is expected a reference for initiators of the related projects.
This work was supported by 'The Cross-Ministry Giga KOREA Project' grant from the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Korea. Also, it was in part supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund. ; With a more Internet-savvy and sophisticated user base, there are more demands for interactive applications and services. However, it is a challenge for existing radio access networks (e.g. 3G and 4G) to cope with the increasingly demanding requirements such as higher data rates and wider coverage area. One potential solution is the inter-collaborative deployment of multiple radio devices in a 5G setting designed to meet exacting user demands, and facilitate the high data rate requirements in the underlying networks. These heterogeneous 5G networks can readily resolve the data rate and coverage challenges. Networks established using the hybridization of existing networks have diverse military and civilian applications. However, there are inherent limitations in such networks such as irregular breakdown, node failures, and halts during speed transmissions. In recent years, there have been attempts to integrate heterogeneous 5G networks with existing ad hoc networks to provide a robust solution for delay-tolerant transmissions in the form of packet switched networks. However, continuous connectivity is still required in these networks, in order to efficiently regulate the flow to allow the formation of a robust network. Therefore, in this paper, we present a novel network formation consisting of nodes from different network maneuvered by Unmanned Aircraft (UA). The proposed model utilizes the features of a biological aspect of genomes and forms a delay tolerant network with existing network models. This allows us to provide continuous and robust connectivity. We then demonstrate that the proposed network model has an efficient data delivery, lower overheads and lesser delays with high convergence rate in comparison to existing approaches, based on evaluations in both real-time testbed and simulation environment. ; Yes ; http://www.plosone.org/static/editorial#peer
With a more Internet-savvy and sophisticated user base, there are more demands for interactive applications and services. However, it is a challenge for existing radio access networks (e.g. 3G and 4G) to cope with the increasingly demanding requirements such as higher data rates and wider coverage area. One potential solution is the inter-collaborative deployment of multiple radio devices in a 5G setting designed to meet exacting user demands, and facilitate the high data rate requirements in the underlying networks. These heterogeneous 5G networks can readily resolve the data rate and coverage challenges. Networks established using the hybridization of existing networks have diverse military and civilian applications. However, there are inherent limitations in such networks such as irregular breakdown, node failures, and halts during speed transmissions. In recent years, there have been attempts to integrate heterogeneous 5G networks with existing ad hoc networks to provide a robust solution for delay-tolerant transmissions in the form of packet switched networks. However, continuous connectivity is still required in these networks, in order to efficiently regulate the flow to allow the formation of a robust network. Therefore, in this paper, we present a novel network formation consisting of nodes from different network maneuvered by Unmanned Aircraft (UA). The proposed model utilizes the features of a biological aspect of genomes and forms a delay tolerant network with existing network models. This allows us to provide continuous and robust connectivity. We then demonstrate that the proposed network model has an efficient data delivery, lower overheads and lesser delays with high convergence rate in comparison to existing approaches, based on evaluations in both real-time testbed and simulation environment.
Part 2: 4th International Workshop on Security and Cognitive Informatics for Homeland Defense (SeCIHD 2014) ; International audience ; In recent years, parallel computing capabilities have been more powerful than before. Consequently some block cipher standards, such as DES used to protect important electronic messages, have been cracked in the past years. Also due to the rapid development of hardware processing speeds, 3DES and AES may someday be solved by brute-force attacks. Basically, the common characteristics of these block cipher standards are that each time, when a standard is invoked, the same parent key is used to generate subkeys. The subkeys are then utilized in the standard's encryption rounds to encrypt data. In fact, the variability of the key values is quite limited. Generally, producing random parameters to encrypt data is an effective method to improve the security of ciphertext. But how to ensure the security level of using and delivering these random parameters and how to avoid information leakage have been a challenge. So in this paper, we propose a novel random parameter protection approach, called the Initialization Cipher Block Method(ICBM for short), which protects random parameters by using a two-dimensional operation and employs random parameters to change the value of a fixed parent key for block ciphering, thus lowering the security risk of a block cipher algorithm. Security analysis demonstrates that the ICBM effectively improve the security level of a protected system. Of course, this also safely protect our homeland, particularly when it is applied to our governmental document delivery systems.
The identification of vulnerabilities in a mission-critical system is one of the challenges faced by a cyber-physical system (CPS). The incorporation of embedded Internet of Things (IoT) devices makes it tedious to identify vulnerability and difficult to control the service-interruptions and manage the operations losses. Rule-based mechanisms have been considered as a solution in the past. However, rule-based solutions operate on the goodwill of the generated rules and perform assumption-based detection. Such a solution often is far from the actual realization of the IoT runtime performance and can be fooled by zero-day attacks. Thus, this paper takes this issue as motivation and proposes better lightweight behavior rule specification-based misbehavior detection for the IoT-embedded cyber-physical systems (BRIoT). The key concept of our approach is to model a system with which misbehavior of an IoT device manifested as a result of attacks exploiting the vulnerability exposed may be detected through automatic model checking and formal verification, regardless of whether the attack is known or unknown. Automatic model checking and formal verification are achieved through a 2-layer Fuzzy-based hierarchical context-aware aspect-oriented Petri net (HCAPN) model, while effective misbehavior detection to avoid false alarms is achieved through a Barycentric-coordinated-based center of mass calculation method. The proposed approach is verified by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) embedded in a UAV system. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated with high reliability, low operational cost, low false-positives, low false-negatives, and high true positives in comparison with existing rule-based solutions. ; Institute for Information & Communications Technology Promotion (IITP) - Korean Government (MSIT) [2017-0-00664]; U.S. AFOSRUnited States Department of DefenseAir Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA2386-17-1-4076] ; This work was supported in part by the Institute for Information & Communications Technology Promotion (IITP) grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (Rule Specification-Based Misbehavior Detection for IoT-Embedded Cyber-Physical Systems) under Grant 2017-0-00664, and in part by the U.S. AFOSR under Grant FA2386-17-1-4076.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) plays a paramount role in various fields, such as military, aerospace, reconnaissance, agriculture, and many more. The development and implementation of these devices have become vital in terms of usability and reachability. Unfortunately, as they become widespread and their demand grows, they are becoming more and more vulnerable to several security attacks, including, but not limited to, jamming, information leakage, and spoofing. In order to cope with such attacks and security threats, a proper design of robust security protocols is indispensable. Although several pieces of research have been carried out with this regard, there are still research gaps, particularly concerning UAV-to-UAV secure communication, support for perfect forward secrecy, and provision of non-repudiation. Especially in a military scenario, it is essential to solve these gaps. In this paper, we studied the security prerequisites of the UAV communication protocol, specifically in the military setting. More importantly, a security protocol (with two sub-protocols), that serves in securing the communication between UAVs, and between a UAV and a Ground Control Station, is proposed. This protocol, apart from the common security requirements, achieves perfect forward secrecy and non-repudiation, which are essential to a secure military communication. The proposed protocol is formally and thoroughly verified by using the BAN-logic (Burrow-Abadi-Needham logic) and Scyther tool, followed by performance evaluation and implementation of the protocol on a real UAV. From the security and performance evaluation, it is indicated that the proposed protocol is superior compared to other related protocols while meeting confidentiality, integrity, mutual authentication, non-repudiation, perfect forward secrecy, perfect backward secrecy, response to DoS (Denial of Service) attacks, man-in-the-middle protection, and D2D (Drone-to-Drone) security.
