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Anton Zimmerling's interpretation of the discursive particle TI1 is an important achievement. The article considers possibilities used by Zimmerling to interpret TI1 as a dis­cursive particle, enclitic, part of speech and semantic sign. In addition, the article discusses its interpretation as a pragmatic marker. The author comments on the interpretations of semiot­ics by Zimmerling, in particular, the question of primary and secondary semiotic systems. The author presents his own concept of semiotics as a research programme in Imre Lakatos' sense. Semiotics is also a kind of cognitive ability common to many forms of life and at the same time a system of epistemological and methodological possibilities for carrying out scien­tific research on meaning-making or semiosis built on this ability. Moreover, semiotics is not only a research programme, but a transdisciplinary integrative organon. Such universal com­plexes for integrating the capabilities of scientific knowledge are based on three basic cognitive abilities — (1) to perceive signals, to rank and to process them; (2) to recognize patterns (sig­nal configurations) and shape them into more complex formations; (3) assessing and utilizing the meaning (initially functional significance, relevance) of the forms and modes of actuality. The latter ability is precisely the basis of semiotics and semiosis. The first two are metretics or organon for computational mathematics and statistics, as well as morphetics or organon for a wide variety of morphologies, comparative studies, discrete mathematics, topology, etc.

This article outlines major trends in the development of social semiotics during the last four decades of its existence. The starting point was the interface between functional analysis of the semiotic system of language and the structural interpretation of language as a social system. Their convergence provided the basis for further developing an interdisciplinary domain of social semiotics. Michael Halliday's book "Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning" (1978) gave an initial impetus to exploring the interface of semiotic and social. Ten years later his approach was reinterpreted by Bob Hodge and Gunther Kress in "Social Semiotics" (1988). They suggested that both the social and semiotic nature of language had a broader significance and extends to the entire domain of human activity and existence. Thus, social semiotic (in singular) of language was enhanced into all-embracing social semiotics (in plural). This article further examines linguistic as socio-semiotic, semiotic as social, semiotic as multimodal, socio-semiotic as functional, interpretative as socio-semiotic. The article outlines two frontiers of social semiotics, that of its subject matter and that of its methodological dimension. Finally, the article focuses on current challenges faced by social semiotics, particularly those relevant to sociology.

This article considers the Baltic-Pontic
Sea region not only as a geographical
space of Intermarium (Międzymorze,
Tarpjūris etc.) but also as Intermundium
or the interface of European and Russian
(Eurasian) civilization. The study sets out
to clarify the logic of changing patterns
shaping this geopolitical area. To this end,
the concept of the Baltic-Pontic conflict
system proposed by Vadim Tsymbursky is
applied and further developed. In contrast
to his agent-focused vehicle of analysis
disclosing the power interactions in Intermarium,
the authors advance an alternative
structure-focused model of the Baltic-
Pontic system (BPS) as a multidimensional
evolving space of heterogeneous interactions,
which include cooperation. The authors
suggest applying the BPS models in
interpreting and clarifying historical developments
in the area from the late
14th century until the present. The article
analyses the spatial, geopolitical and geochronopolitical
characteristics of the region,
as well as the models of intercivilisational
interaction between Europe and
Eurasia. The author addresses the issue of
the political identity of the region and its
ability to play an independent role in the
world politics.

Postgraduate education of the resident is the basis of its professional activity, which involves the presence of emotional saturation and a large number of factors that cause stress. Emotional burnout syndrome (CMEA), being the body's reaction to prolonged stressors, is a consequence of psychological overwork. The aim of the study was to study the cognitive resource capabilities of the individual and determine ways to prevent the development of CMEA in 100 residents of surgical and therapeutic specialties using CMEA analysis techniques, assessing conflict and communicative competencies, as well as creativity and creative characteristics of the individual. The comparison group was 30 general practitioners. Evidence has been obtained for hypotheses that CMEA in residents is less pronounced and distributed than in general practitioners; differences in the choice of conflict resolution strategy contribute to the development of CMEA symptoms. The reasons for psychological discomfort of students under residency programmes were revealed. A comparative analysis of conflict competency and symptoms of CMEA, has been carried out. It has been established that conflict competency is manifested as cognitive resource opportunities, the deliberate development of which can serve as a means of preventing CMEA in residents.

The discussion aims to identify the interpretive mechanisms that provide an interface be­tween text and context (between language and the world, language and culture, language and society). It is a multi-level system of interfaces connected by inversion and recursion relations and operations. We identify this system as a pragmasemantics. It also acts as an interface platform for correlation/transformation of intra-system semantic units and extralinguistic objects within a set of possible worlds. At the same time, this platform is endowed with the autopoietic potential to generate new operating interfaces systems, as well as textualized structures of operations and interpretations (instructions, memory, reframing). The genera­tion of meaning is the result of the interaction of the system platform with the platform-as-context, due to the possibility that one generates and determines the operational potential of the other, acting a recursive loop or Möbius strip. The connection between subjectivity and meaningful semiosis is crucially important due to the key role of textualization and langua­ging. The signified are reproduced by signifiers and thus generate those processes that are structured by interactions and other practices. In complex systems (biological and beyond), the possibility of self-replication arises through recursive self-interpretation. Thus, subjectivi­ty acts as a kind of universal interface that determines the change of contexts, their interac­tion, the generation of possible new ones, ensuring the pro-creativity and pre-adaptability of the system (its stability and development.