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This study attempts to identify the various of the traditional market, which have suffered from marginalization caused by rapid expansion and penetration of modern supermarkets and other large retailers. As a way out, this recommends various protection strategies, which are based on provisions of the constitution and legislation and/or enacting new ones. Providing legal protection to sources of livelihood is common practice in many developed nations, where weak players are shielded from foreign player, and is also evident in other sectors and institutional aspects of the broader economy. The study recommends certain models of traditional markets development, which makes it a source of reference for various parties, market manager, government, local universities, and others.

This research is a "snapshot" of the people's economic problems especially of the socio-economic and cultural institutions in the villages in Kecamatan Ambarawa. The research has identified institutions and the so-called micro-finance institutions in the villages as initiated by both the people in the villages and by the village government. The government policies to mobilize the micro-finance institutions through top-down planning were carried out by various government institutions with limited success. It is now realized that it will be more effective and successful if it is implemented by the village people themselves in the form of self-reliance movement on micro finance.Keywords: micro-finance institution, ekonomi rakyat, participative development

Anchored in Ostrom's (1990) account of Governing the Commons, this article discusses community-based mechanisms and their potential implication for poverty alleviation and well-being improvement of societies. The material for this article draws on our research report on the application of community-based tourism (CBT) as social innovation for poverty alleviation and social well-being improvement in the Nglanggeran village from 2009 to 2016, which continues to be monitored to date. Our findings indicate that community-led initiatives have been successful in alleviating chronic poverty and social problems by integrating local institutions and developing resource-based businesses. However, recent government intervention has limited the initiatives, highlighting a power imbalance between government agencies and the community. Consequently, CBT has become an industry reserved for a select few villagers who have formed partnerships with the government. It reveals the recurring problems of government–community partnership, which, over the last two decades, has expanded in many Southern countries and has resulted in contestations of political interest within the empowerment programme, all of which produced institutional constraints to 'commons approach' application to governance. This article contributes to understanding the dynamics of empowerment initiatives by highlighting the intersection of collectivity and welfare capitalism as an analytical framework, enabling the application of 'the commons theory' within community/social development studies.

This article seeks to describe the results of the research with the topic of developing a model of governance of natural resources at the level of the rural communities involving community participation, both in terms of production, distribution aspects, and aspects of the control of the factors of production. By taking the case of the village Nglanggeran, it sought to create a model of governance "alternative" in the failure of the model of "state" and "market" in protecting people's socio-economic interests of the community from systemic poverty and the threat of sustainable ecological environment. The experience of developing governance of a natural democracy in this village is expected to illustrate the potential, problems and alternatives completion faced by communities in improving the welfare in a fair and equitable manner.