Suchergebnisse

Based on the last national livestock census in 2013, the population number of cattle and buffalo have reduced by 15% compared to that in 2011. The highest reduction happened in Java that reached around 24-27%, while that in Bali and Nusa Tenggara was 25%. One of the reasons was caused by decreasing number of cows due to the increase of productive cows slaughtered every year. Number of cows slaughtered in Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and South Sulawesi had reached on average of 72% from total slaughtered, where more than 90% were productive cows. Reasons for slaughtering productive cows were due to: (1) Lower cows price; (2) Limited bulls supply; (3) Local government regulation on inter-island trade; (4) Weak and inconsistent law enforcement; and (5) Lack of understanding on criteria for productive cows by farmers. Increased rate of slaughtered cattle and increasing rate of inter-island trade volumes that higher than the rate of cattle population had caused the decrease of national cattle population. There are currently needs to improve and develop operation slaughter-houses under management of local state enterprise. The management applies on certain mechanisms that sort of incoming productive females according to different grades into allowable to be slaughtered and selected for breeding females, which could be further traded inter-island as supplier of cows for other regions. This strategy may help the central government to meet the demand for productive cows, particularly in Sumatera and Kalimantan which have abundance of feed biomass resources. Policy support is needed as instruments for all interested stakeholders including those who are willing to invest in cattle development such as oil-palm estates.

Animal production in Indonesia has a remarkably good prospect, as the demand for animal products always increases in line with the increase in human population and national economic development . The high animal industry bargaining status heavily depends upon certain input factors e .g . feed availability, breeding, animal management and health, including innovative technology and other external factors . The approach to improve bargaining position of the animal industry should be carried out under simultaneous approaches within harmonized implementation of support policies at the inter-ministerial level . This should be in line with other internal implementing factors i .e . production efficiency, improved product quality, continuity of supply, and market demand. The prime animal industry profiles suggest that poultry, cattle and sheep/goat industries are prospective if their production management follows the accepted procedures and rules . To respond the developing notion of the livestock sector in Indonesia, there is a heavy need for investment support of the government, farmers/people, and private sector. The policy is the creation of a condusive investment sphere, that is expected to create employment opportunities through raising animals at the input through the marketing subsystems, hence, the development of animal production in Indonesia could answer the heavy threats faced in meeting food security, employment opportunity, people's welfare, creating devisa and national economy . Key words: Animal production, investment, prospect

Indonesian archipelago consists of five main islands and more than seventeen thousand of small islands. These small islands are very effective as natural barrier to the spread of contagious animal diseases. This situation is very advantageous to develop many programs such as beef cattle farming to support beef self sufficient program in 2010. However, there are some constraints in developing of these small islands, namely human resources, natural resources, infrastructure, mean of communications and transportations and lack of intra sector integrated coordination. In taking the advantageous of developing small islands as a screening base and quarantine area, animal production technologies and veterinary science are much needed. The development can be done in integration with transmigration development program so that the beef cattle development could become source of income and job opportunity for the transmigran and local inhabitant as well. Beef cattle farming scheme are recommended by doing cow-calf operation or fattening. Political support from government and legislative are needed in establishment of infrastructure in the area chosen as beef cattle farming location. Besides, it need facilitations in land procurement for beef cattle farming, legal aspect, supports of law enforcement, simple regulation in land used and zone management planning, regulation in controlling beef importation, and credit with minimum interest rate. Key words: Small islands, beef cattle, policy