Suchergebnisse

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a partir de uma perspectiva contemporânea o sistema de justiça e as mudanças que ocorreram no judiciário, principalmente em relação a expansão dos métodos alternativos de resolução de conflitos. Questiona-se: quais os fatores determinantes para a (re)configuração do sistema de justiça em relação aos paradigmas dominantes, e quais são as alternativas ao sistema de justiça? A hipótese é que com a modernidade e o surgimento do Estado moderno a partir do contratualismo assenta-se em uma forma de organização política, social e judicial que se complexou com o tempo. Com a mudança do tempo histórico e as transformações culturais que foram cruciais ao desenvolvimento de novos valores que forçosamente refletiram na (re)configuração do judiciário. Os novos métodos alternativos, principalmente em relação à justiça restaurativa é uma nova forma de compreensão e de relação entre os sujeitos sociais, aproximando de forma muito mais significativa com a cultura e a sociedade na luta pela pacificação social. Na construção do trabalho, utilizou-se o método dedutivo e como técnicas de pesquisa a bibliográfica e a documental.

The concept of power acquires different meanings according to the dimension, the historical cut and the circumstances that are being analyzed. Power has been characterized as the base of state domination over civil society and individuals. However, the concept of power can not be reduced to a univocal sense, because it also occurs in interpersonal relationships and social micro-structures. This article reviews the literature on the subject from the works of Machiavelli, Hobbes, Arendt, Foucault, Bobbio and Bauman, highlighting the various configurations and manifestations of power, mitigating its centralization at the state instance and extending to other dimensions of society.

The political and economic crises faced today, evidenced by the manifestos of political parties and the texts published in social networks and in the press, point to Brazilian society the possibility of different directions, including that of an autocratic regime, with the return of the military to the public sphere. This article discusses the movements of acceptance and resistance to the military regime that was implemented in Brazil with the coup of 1964. It is observed that the military uprising received at that time the support of a large part of the Brazilian population, which sought ways to maintain its socioeconomic status to the detriment of a majority that perceived itself vulnerable in view of the forms of maintenance and expansion of power used by the regime. In this context, Tropicalism emerges as an example of a contesting movement. This text approaches the song "Culture and civilization" by Gilberto Gil, performed by Gal Costa, relating the ideas present in this composition with the understandings of politics and culture, in a multidisciplinary proposal, seeking to understand the resistance and counter-resistance movements that emerged in Brazil at the time.

The totalitarian regimes of the 20th century - Nazism, fascism and Stalinism - in the same way as the dictatorships of South America and Africa, gave the human community a profound reflection on the future. This literature review problematizes the justifications and limits of representative democracy. It discusses the mechanisms of improvement of the democratic process for greater popular participation in the decisive spheres of political life. The lack of popular participation and a possible disbelief with political representation deserve to be addressed in order to continuously actualize democracy as a political regime.