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Relationships between multiple contextual factors and performance in 185 large industrial firms were examined. Medium size, external acquisitive growth grand strategy, unit and small batch predominant production system, consumer nondurable goods industry, and high perceived environmental uncertainty were positive predictors of firm performance. Functional structure, geographic divisional structure, and large batch and mass predominant production systems were negative predictors. The highest performers were mnedium-sized firms, those using unit and small batch as the predominant production system and those employing an external acquisitive growth grand strategy.

ABSTRACTThe relationships of specific distinctive competencies to performance were examined for firm size, type of production system, and level of perceived environmental uncertainty (PEU). The size and dominant production system used by a firm were found to have main moderating effects on those relationships although PEU by itself did not. However, PEU did interact with size and production system to moderate those relationships.

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Archival proxies have long played a central role within strategic management research, but the degree to which archival proxies are construct valid measures of theoretical constructs remains a source of concern. In some cases, there does not appear to be a close association between an archival proxy and the construct that the proxy is meant to capture. In this brief commentary, we discuss the use of three prominent archival proxies (research and development intensity, patent counts, and patent citations) within recent articles in three leading journals. Each of these measures has been used to represent a wide variety of constructs, which creates challenges when interpreting findings. We then offer three suggestions for improving the use of archival proxies. Implementation of these suggestions would enhance knowledge development within the strategic management field.

The literature suggests that a multivariate approach to the measurement of effectiveness is preferred. The present study uses a policy‐capturing methodology to examine effectiveness criteria and their importance weightings for various subunits in a manufacturing organization. Effectiveness criteria and their weightings were found to vary across individual subunits. The models developed for major groupings of subunits were found to have reasonable predictive power. Finally, the predictive power of these general models varied with the degree of goal similarity among the subunits in the grouping. Useful applications of the results for managerial decisions are explored.