Suchergebnisse

This paper examines economic and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development influence on recently increasing Internet purchases by individuals for European Union member states. After a growing trend for Internet purchases in EU27 was noticed, all possible regression analysis was applied using nine independent variables in 2011. Finally, two linear regression models were studied in detail. Conducted simple linear regression analysis confirmed the research hypothesis that the Internet purchases in analysed EU countries is positively correlated with statistically significant variable Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPpc). Also, analysed multiple linear regression model with four regressors, showing ICT development level, indicates that ICT development is crucial for explaining the Internet purchases by individuals, confirming the research hypothesis.

This paper examines economic and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development influence on recently increasing Internet purchases by individuals for European Union member states. After a growing trend for Internet purchases in EU27 was noticed, all possible regression analysis was applied using nine independent variables in 2011. Finally, two linear regression models were studied in detail. Conducted simple linear regression analysis confirmed the research hypothesis that the Internet purchases in analyzed EU countries is positively correlated with statistically significant variable Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPpc). Also, analyzed multiple linear regression model with four regressors, showing ICT development level, indicates that ICT development is crucial for explaining the Internet purchases by individuals, confirming the research hypothesis.

Plaće u javnom sektoru bitan su dio državnog proračuna te su značajan element vođenja fi skalne politike. Svrha ovog istraživanja je empirijski ispitati kako plaće u javnom sektoru utječu na ekonomsku aktivnost u maloj otvorenoj ekonomiji na primjeru Hrvatske. S obzirom na rezultate prethodnih empirijskih istraživanja, postavljena je istraživačka hipoteza prema kojoj porast javnih plaća u Hrvatskoj dovodi do smanjenja ekonomske aktivnosti. U središnjem dijelu rada dugoročni učinak javnih plaća na ekonomska kretanja u Hrvatskoj ispitan je primjenom Johansenovog pristupa kointegraciji, pri čemu su korišteni mjesečni podaci o plaćama u javnom sektoru i indeksima industrijske proizvodnje od siječnja 2000. do veljače 2017. godine. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja upućuju na to da porast javnih plaća u dugom roku uzrokuje smanjenje ekonomske aktivnosti u Hrvatskoj, što je u skladu s prethodnim istraživanjima u inozemnoj literaturi. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na potrebu provođenja fiskalne konsolidacije u većoj mjeri putem smanjenja javnih rashoda, u koje su uključene i javne plaće, a manje porastom poreznog opterećenja.

Background: In recent years' income inequality has been an economic issue. The primary instrument for redistributing income is personal income tax. However, based on economic theory income inequality concerns indicators such as wages, transfer payments, taxes, social security contributions, and geographical mobility. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of certain labor market indicators on personal income taxation in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H). Methods/Approach: Since personal income taxation consists of a very broad definition and for the purpose of this research only, income from dependent (employment) activity is observed. The econometric analysis is conducted using error correction modeling, as well as forecast errors variance decomposition. Results: The error correction model is estimated, and the cointegrating equation indicates that monthly wage and number of employees statistically significantly positively affect personal income taxes in FB&H in the long-run. After two years, the selected labor market indicators explain a considerable part of forecasting error variance of personal income tax revenues. Conclusions: The implementation of reforms in the labor market and tax policies of the FB&H is suggested. In order to achieve necessary reforms, efficient governance and general stable political environment are required.

The aim of the article is to propose different ways of forecasting labour productivity developments by using different statistical forecasting methods and applying different approaches to the most appropriate statistical forecasting method selection. This article examines labour productivity in the European Union member states, measured per employee and per hour worked, in the period from 1990 to 2016. In the forecasting analysis, seven statistical forecasting methods are used to forecast labour productivity for each European Union member state separately and for the European Union as a whole. Overall, three approaches to determine the forecast values of labour productivity have been used in the analysis. The impact of each statistical forecasting method was determined by using the MSE approach. The results are suggesting that the differences in labour productivity between countries should be smaller. In the future research, the level of labour productivity convergence in the European Union should be investigated.