Suchergebnisse

The article deals with the impact of external labor migration on the balance of the labor market in the Russian Federation. The main emphasis is placed on the need to monitor the migration situation and taking timely "migration" measures by the Government of the Russian Federation based on its results. The migration component is presented in strategic planning documents and correlated with the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation. At this moment, against the background of the current unfavorable epidemiological situation caused by the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the Government of the Russian Federation is taking a number of measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19, including those in the field of migration. The article analyzes the current measures preventing departure of labor migrants staying in the Russian Federation and other categories of foreign citizens who have arrived for the purposes other than work in the "shadow sector" of the labor market. It shows the present state of external labor migration by analyzing statistical and informational data, as well as possible risks in the implementation of social and labor relations. Sectors of the economy have been identified that may experience a shortage of labor resources as a result of the implementation of measures to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection. Dependence of the sphere of external labor migration on macroeconomic, international and political factors is stated. Particular attention in the article is paid to the institute of highly qualified specialists (HQS). The need was expressed to improve the procedure for attracting foreign citizens to work on the territory of the Russian Federation as HQS, to set additional criteria for their selection, to introduce an advance payment of income tax on HQS and to increase employers' liability for violation of the established procedure in this area, including the need to diversify control mechanisms for employers who attract foreign citizens as highly qualified specialists.

The article analyzes the migration situation taking into account the social and economic development of the Russian Federation. The statistical data on labor migration, illegal migration, as well as indicators of demographic development and the labor market have been adduced. The forecast of changing the demographic situation has been considered. The main trends in the distribution of foreign workers taking into account the professional-qualification structure have been revealed. The authors stated the growing role of migration in the formation of labor potential and its placement in the country's territory. The main legal instrument in the sphere of migration, according to authors, is the Concept of the State Migration Policy of the Russian Federation for the period 2019-2025, approved by the President of the Russian Federation, which defines the goals, principles, tasks, main directions and mechanisms for implementing the state migration policy of the Russian Federation. The implementation of the Concept activities will improve the migration legislation, using labor market tools related to determining the needs of the Russian economy for foreign workers, simplifying the entry, exit and stay of qualified foreign specialists, entrepreneurs and investors, and the development of educational and academic migration. Improving the mechanisms for foreign citizens to work on the basis of patents from Russian individuals, to facilitate the territorial mobility of Russian citizens are important aspects of the state migration policy. First of all, economic trends in the management of the state migration policy should be aimed at a balanced distribution of labor resources in the territory of the Russian Federation. Special attention has been paid to the international cooperation in the migration field. Attention has been paid to international treaties, aimed at the implementation of labor activity of migrants, the suppression of illegal migration, as well as international treaties on readmission. The prospects of effective management of migration processes in the Russian Federation on the basis of interaction of various levels of power have been determined. ; В статье проанализирована миграционная ситуация с учетом социально-экономического развития Российской Федерации. Приведены статистические данные по трудовой миграции, нелегальной миграции, а также показатели демографического развития и рынка труда. Рассмотрен прогноз изменения демографической ситуации. Выявлены основные тенденции распределения иностранных работников с учетом профессионального-квалификационного состава. Авторы констатировали возрастающую роль миграции в формировании трудового потенциала и его размещения на территории страны. Основным правовым инструментом в сфере миграции, по мнению авторов, является Концепция государственной миграционной политики Российской Федерации на 2019–2025 гг. (далее – Концепция), утвержденная Президентом Российской Федерации, в которой определены цели, принципы, задачи, основные направления и механизмы реализации государственной миграционной политики Российской Федерации. Реализация мероприятий Концепции позволит совершенствовать миграционное законодательство, используя инструменты рынка труда, связанные с определением потребности российской экономики в иностранных работниках, упрощением порядка въезда, выезда и пребывания квалифицированных иностранных специалистов, предпринимателей и инвесторов, развитием образовательной и академической миграции. Совершенствование механизмов осуществления иностранными гражданами трудовой деятельности на основании патентов у российских физических лиц, содействия территориальной мобильности российских граждан являются важным аспектами государственной миграционной политики. Экономические тренды управления государственной миграционной политикой прежде всего должны быть направлены на сбалансированное распределение трудовых ресурсов на территории Российской Федерации. Особое внимание уделено международному сотрудничеству в сфере миграции. Уделено внимание международным договорам, направленным на осуществление трудовой деятельности мигрантами, пресечению незаконной миграции, а также международным договорам о реадмиссии. Определены перспективы эффективного управления миграционными процессами в Российской Федерации на основе взаимодействия различных уровней власти.

In the article, the authors analyse the relationship of political processes, migration policy and national security of the state. The methodological basis of the research is dialectical, comparative and institutional methods. The dialectical method revealed the dynamics, current regularities and contradictions in the formation of the state migration policy. The comparative method contributed to identify characteristic features of the migration policy formation of some EU countries and Russia, taking into account the transformation of political systems. The institutional method allowed exploring the interaction of public authorities with other institutions of civil society. In order to process the empirical evidence, quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. The factors of the migration attractiveness of the state, the stages of the migration process and migration risks are considered. In this regard, special attention is paid to the migration crisis in modern Europe. It also analyses the growth factors of the popularity of right-populist parties and the idea of the sovereign migration policy of individual member states of the European Union. Special attention is paid to the description of the implementation plan for the "Prague Process" mechanisms on the example of the integration mechanisms of migrants to Austria and the Czech Republic, the participation of government bodies and civil society institutions in these mechanisms. Some features of the migration system of the Russian Federation are also considered in the context of ensuring national security. The research presents and analyses some statistical data on migration in Russia and global migration in the world.

In the article, the authors analyse the relationship of political processes, migration policy and national security of the state. The methodological basis of the research is dialectical, comparative and institutional methods. The dialectical method revealed the dynamics, current regularities and contradictions in the formation of the state migration policy. The compara- tive method contributed to identify characteristic features of the migration policy formation of some EU countries and Russia, taking into account the transformation of political systems. The institutional method allowed exploring the interaction of public authorities with other institutions of civil society. In order to process the empirical evidence, quantitative and quali- tative research methods were used. The factors of the migration attractiveness of the state, the stages of the migration process and migration risks are considered. In this regard, special attention is paid to the migration crisis in modern Europe. It also analyses the growth factors of the popularity of right-populist parties and the idea of the sovereign migration policy of individual member states of the European Union. Special attention is paid to the descrip- tion of the implementation plan for the "Prague Process" mechanisms on the example of the integration mechanisms of migrants to Austria and the Czech Republic, the participation of government bodies and civil society institutions in these mechanisms. Some features of the migration system of the Russian Federation are also considered in the context of ensuring national security. The research presents and analyses some statistical data on migration in Russia and global migration in the world. ; W artykule autorzy analizują związek procesów politycznych, polityki migracyjnej i bezpieczeństwa narodowego państwa. Podstawę metodologiczną badań stanowi metoda dialektyczna, porównawcza i instytucjonalna. Metoda dialektyczna ujawniła dynamikę, prawidłowości i sprzeczności obecne w kształtowaniu polityki migracyjnej państwa. Metoda porównawcza pozwoliła określić charakterystyczne cechy sposobów kształtowania polityki migracyjnej w niektórych krajach UE i Rosji, z uwzględnieniem transformacji systemów politycznych. Metoda instytucjonalna pozwoliła zbadać interakcje władz publicznych z innymi instytucjami społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. W celu przetworzenia danych empirycznych zastosowano metody badań ilościowych i jakościowych. Uwzględniono czynniki atrakcyjności migracyjnej państwa, etapy procesu migracji i ryzyko migracji. W związku z tym szczególną uwagę zwrócono na kryzys migracyjny we współczesnej Europie. Przeanalizowano także czynniki wzrostu popularności partii prawicowo-populistycznych oraz ideę suwerennej polityki migracyjnej poszczególnych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na opis planu wdrażania mechanizmów "Procesu praskiego" na przykładzie mechanizmów integracji migrantów w Austrii i Czechach oraz udział organów rządowych i instytucji społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w tych mechanizmach. Omówiono także niektóre cechy systemu migracyjnego Federacji Rosyjskiej w kontekście zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Artykuł przedstawia i analizuje pewne dane statystyczne dotyczące migracji w Rosji i na świecie.

In the article, the authors analyse the relationship of political processes, migration policy and national security of the state. The methodological basis of the research is dialectical, comparative and institutional methods. The dialectical method revealed the dynamics, current regularities and contradictions in the formation of the state migration policy. The comparative method contributed to identify characteristic features of the migration policy formation of some EU countries and Russia, taking into account the transformation of political systems. The institutional method allowed exploring the interaction of public authorities with other institutions of civil society. In order to process the empirical evidence, quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. The factors of the migration attractiveness of the state, the stages of the migration process and migration risks are considered. In this regard, special attention is paid to the migration crisis in modern Europe. It also analyses the growth factors of the popularity of right-populist parties and the idea of the sovereign migration policy of individual member states of the European Union. Special attention is paid to the description of the implementation plan for the "Prague Process" mechanisms on the example of the integration mechanisms of migrants to Austria and the Czech Republic, the participation of government bodies and civil society institutions in these mechanisms. Some features of the migration system of the Russian Federation are also considered in the context of ensuring national security. The research presents and analyses some statistical data on migration in Russia and global migration in the world. ; W artykule autorzy analizują związek procesów politycznych, polityki migracyjnej i bezpieczeństwa narodowego państwa. Podstawę metodologiczną badań stanowi metoda dialektyczna, porównawcza i instytucjonalna. Metoda dialektyczna ujawniła dynamikę, prawidłowości i sprzeczności obecne w kształtowaniu polityki migracyjnej państwa. Metoda porównawcza pozwoliła określić charakterystyczne cechy sposobów kształtowania polityki migracyjnej w niektórych krajach UE i Rosji, z uwzględnieniem transformacji systemów politycznych. Metoda instytucjonalna pozwoliła zbadać interakcje władz publicznych z innymi instytucjami społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. W celu przetworzenia danych empirycznych zastosowano metody badań ilościowych i jakościowych. Uwzględniono czynniki atrakcyjności migracyjnej państwa, etapy procesu migracji i ryzyko migracji. W związku z tym szczególną uwagę zwrócono na kryzys migracyjny we współczesnej Europie. Przeanalizowano także czynniki wzrostu popularności partii prawicowo-populistycznych oraz ideę suwerennej polityki migracyjnej poszczególnych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na opis planu wdrażania mechanizmów "Procesu praskiego" na przykładzie mechanizmów integracji migrantów w Austrii i Czechach oraz udział organów rządowych i instytucji społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w tych mechanizmach. Omówiono także niektóre cechy systemu migracyjnego Federacji Rosyjskiej w kontekście zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Artykuł przedstawia i analizuje pewne dane statystyczne dotyczące migracji w Rosji i na świecie.

The text of the "Teaching on Numbers" by the monk and mathematician Kirik the Novgorodian (the first half of the 12th century) was introduced into scientific circulation in the 1820s. Initially, this text was assessed as exclusively mathematical-calendar content. As the research unfolded, questions of a textual, historical-mathematical, philosophical, cultural and socio-psychological nature arose. Compared with similar writings of Kirik's era, his calculations are recognized as accurate, and in methods of calculation on the abacus, he was 400 years ahead of his time. In addition to the "Teaching on Numbers", the theological treatise penned by Kirik, "The Questions of Kirik", has come down to our times, written in the form of a dialogue between a pastor and a bishop about the vital problems of service practice. Despite numerous articles and solid monographs on Kirik's legacy, some postulates of the "Teaching", as well as vocabulary features, remain undisclosed and mysterious. The first riddle concerns the scientific research and peculiarities of the reconstruction of the lists of Kirik's treatises, which have come down to us only from the 16th century. A mere mystery concerns the fragment about circuits in the renewal of the elements, which, at first glance, has a natural philosophical content. The question arises: could Kirik, as a thoughtful scientist, simply rewrite these calculations from the prototype text familiar to him, the so-called "seven-thousanders"? Hypotheses are put forward of Platonic, Pythagorean, Gnostic influences on the essence of the fragment, but no supporting texts have been found. The article presents arguments in favor of the hypothesis of the influence of the mathematical teachings of the Pythagoreans on the prototype of the fragment about the renewal of the elements. The Pythagorean thesis about the structure of the corporeal cosmos according to the laws of beauty and harmony, which are based on the principle of commensurability, is clearly reflected in the mathematical calculations of the fragment. Kirik addressed his "Teaching" to lovers of numbers and he himself belonged to the circle of intellectuals. Modern studies of the Pythagorean tradition confirm the intercultural nature of the influence of the Pythagorean tradition on other ideological directions of thought. In Old Rus the tradition was supported by chroniclers and chronologists.

Today the world lives in a unique historical situation. There are transformations of earthly space and time on the way of collecting numerous tempo worlds of ethnic groups and cultures. The global crisis and environmental catastrophic risks are relentlessly forcing people to unite to solve common problems. Thoughtless attitude to the biosphere, waste of the planet's resources, pollution of the environment are menacing symptoms of the threat of self-destruction of mankind. Only the unification of peoples and an unshakable sense of geosolidarity can resist. The support in the confrontation between technologization and aggressive geopolitics is seen in traditionalism, in the spiritual origins of the traditions of different peoples. The study of non-Western philosophies, attempts to penetrate cultures with different ethnic codes form multiple new trends in the world intellectual space of philosophy. For epistemology, the dialogue of cultures has given rise to a number of methodological problems. What can be the criteria for comparative studies if incommensurable conceptual systems and different worldviews are compared? Science, focused on the knowledge of the external world, relies on intelligence or "embodied consciousness." The empirical mind as an analyzer of feelings in the Indian tradition is not considered independent. The article discusses correlations in the methodological strategies of spiritual thought in the Indian and Old Russian traditions, as well as correlations with the methodologies of non-classical science. The author shows that any abilities in hierarchical ontologies with extreme levels can be thought of only as a part of the whole. Integrity at the ultimate ontological level potentially contains the qualities of subsequent differentiation (emanates). The concept of the mind as dependent is characteristic of spiritual practices, which can be seen in the texts of the Explanatory Palaia and texts of Indian teachings. Comparative analysis of the problem of the nature of intelligence is of interest in connection with discussions on artificial intelligence. An obstacle to the perception of holistic methodologies is the dualistic language in the European tradition (opposition of matter and consciousness, matter and spirit, brain and consciousness). The criteria for the commensurability of different cultural-semiotic systems are developed in the course of the dialogue of cultures.

The article develops a methodological conception. It is based on the principles of the philosophy of complexity. The author believes that the discussion of the problems of rationality in the space of cultural diversity will be futile if we do not take into account the cognitive and socio-cultural aspects of meaning generation. The author draws attention to the communicative nature of meaning formation, which is increasing in the context of globalization. Such forms of organization of collective thinking as an interdisciplinary and transdiciplinary dialogue spread to the philosophical community. A distinctive feature of historical and philosophical research remains a special attention to textual artifacts, but modern methodologies must also contribute to the understanding of ancient knowledge and mentality. The author offers a methodological model of meaning generation. The coordinate grid of axes is its basis. As bearing axes, the author introduces: conscious-unconscious, explicit-implicit (hidden), external-internal, linear-nonlinear, order-chaos, simple-complex, reflexive-pre-reflexive, discrete-continuum. The Genesis of ethno-cultural mentalities took place in unique natural, cultural, historical and linguistic conditions. As a result, cultures can differ in the types of perception of space-time relations. This is reflected in the variety of space-time models. The problem of pairing the personal, environmental and social worlds of time by A.A. Krushinskiy. He presented the hexagram model of time as a game of player-personality and player-society. In the complex process of meaning formation, the author identifies the conscious layer of language and speech, the semi-conscious layer of images, the unconscious layer of states and pre-reflexive understanding. In the course of global cognitive evolution, there were revolutionary turns towards the development of conscious speech from the depths of the unconscious. At the same time, different cultures had their own trajectories of rationality development, developing specific languages and mental models. Ideographic language such as Chinese stimulated the development of spatial-imaginative thinking based on visual algorithms. In alphabetic languages of Indo-European type, the linearity of speech is only the external plan of expression, while the nonlinear spatiality (geometric style) of meaning formation works in internal dimensions. Discussing the noumenal sources of meaning formation, the author addresses the understanding of the nature of thought in spiritual philosophies and modern cognitive research. Scientific research of deep, pre-reflexive layers of understanding in the general structure and dynamics of meaning formation can bring a new dimension to the discussion on the «geography of rationality». In the global world, when unique cultures interact, new harmonics of the general planetary consciousness are formed.