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This report presents an analysis of official documents on government policies to tackle inequalities in health from 13 developed countries. All countries recognize that health inequalities are caused by adverse socioeconomic and environmental circumstances. However they differ in their definitions of inequalities and in their approaches to tackling the problem. Sweden and Northern Ireland have structured their overall public health policy to tackle the underlying determinants of inequalities in health. England is the only country with a separate comprehensive policy. Most countries also have policies on poverty, social inclusion, and social justice. These are motivated by a concern for human rights and dignity and deal primarily with the underlying causes of health inequalities. While broadly setting the same overarching goal, policies on health inequalities show many different features. Policymakers face two challenges: to ensure that strategies to tackle the macroenvironmental factorsfeature in policy on inequalities in health, and to ensure that health becomes a prominent issue in social justice policy. Few countries have a coordinated approach to tackling inequalities in health.

This report presents an analysis of official documents on government policies to tackle inequalities in health from 13 developed countries. All countries recognize that health inequalities are caused by adverse socioeconomic and environmental circumstances. However they differ in their definitions of inequalities and in their approaches to tackling the problem. Sweden and Northern Ireland have structured their overall public health policy to tackle the underlying determinants of inequalities in health. England is the only country with a separate comprehensive policy. Most countries also have policies on poverty, social inclusion, and social justice. These are motivated by a concern for human rights and dignity and deal primarily with the underlying causes of health inequalities. While broadly setting the same overarching goal, policies on health inequalities show many different features. Policymakers face two challenges: to ensure that strategies to tackle the macroenvironmental factors feature in policy on inequalities in health, and to ensure that health becomes a prominent issue in social justice policy. Few countries have a coordinated approach to tackling inequalities in health.

Die Lebensqualität eines Menschen hängt ganz wesentlich davon ab, wie sein Wohnumfeld gestaltet ist. Sowohl die sächliche und bauliche Ausstattung als auch die sozialen Gegebenheiten können die autonome Entfaltung von notwendigen und erwünschten Alltagsaktivitäten begünstigen oder erschweren. Mithilfe des REIS lässt sich untersuchen, welche Möglichkeiten und Chancen die Bewohner in Wohnheimen und anderen Wohnformen für ihre Alltagsaktivitäten haben. Es können Empfehlungen ausgesprochen werden, welche Veränderungen den Bewohnern mehr Selbstbestimmung und Eigenständigkeit im Alltag ermöglichen und dadurch deren Lebensqualität steigern. Weiterhin können Hinweise zu den Arbeitsbedingungen und Vorgehensweisen das Personal unterstützen. Obwohl ursprünglich als Instrument zur Überprüfung für Heime mit psychisch behinderten Menschen gedacht, eignet sich das REIS auch für andere Arten von Wohnheimen bzw. Wohnformen, z.B. für das Wohnumfeld älterer Menschen.