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Prisons offer policymakers an opportunity to address the pre-existing high prevalence of physical and mental health issues among prisoners. This notion has been widely integrated into international and national prison health policies, including the Healthy Prisons Agenda, which calls for governments to address the health needs of prisoners and safeguard their health entitlement during imprisonment, and the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 concerning reducing inequality among disadvantaged populations. However, the implementation of the austerity policy in the United Kingdom since the re-emergence of the global financial crisis in 2008 has impeded this aspiration. This interdisciplinary paper critically evaluates the impact of austerity on prison health. The aforementioned policy has obstructed prisoners' access to healthcare, exacerbated the degradation of their living conditions, impeded their purposeful activities and subjected them to an increasing level of violence. This paper calls for alternatives to imprisonment, initiating a more informed economic recovery policy, and relying on transnational and national organizations to scrutinize prisoners' entitlement to health. These systemic solutions could act as a springboard for political and policy discussions at national and international forums with regard to improving prisoners' health and simultaneously meeting the aspirations of the Healthy Prisons Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals.

This article traces the potential impact of a Brexit (a euphemism for Britain exiting the EU) on public health, outlining, first, how progressive EU policies on air quality have greatly improved the health of the population across the Continent, including the UK, and how a Brexit might obstruct this trend; why a vote for a Brexit would remove the safety seal that protects consumers from negative externalities emanating from the farming industry, which is interconnected with the food manufacturing industry; the potential loss of subsidies to the UK farming industry; and the resulting missed opportunities for the public health community as a catalyst in championing the preventative health agenda within Europe, were Britain to bid it adieu.

WOS: 000336908800001 ; Let G be a simple connected graph of order n, m edges, maximum degree Delta(1) and minimum degree delta. Li et al. (Appl. Math. Lett. 23: 286-290, 2010) gave an upper bound on number of spanning trees of a graph in terms of n, m, Delta(1) and delta: t(G) <= delta (2m-Delta(1)-delta-1/n-3)(n-3). The equality holds if and only if G congruent to K-1,K-n-1, G congruent to K-n, G congruent to K-1 boolean OR (K-1 boolean OR Kn-2) or G congruent to K-n - e, where e is any edge of K-n. Unfortunately, this upper bound is erroneous. In particular, we show that this upper bound is not true for complete graph K-n. In this paper we obtain some upper bounds on the number of spanning trees of graph G in terms of its structural parameters such as the number of vertices (n), the number of edges (m), maximum degree (Delta(1)), second maximum degree (Delta(2)), minimum degree (delta), independence number (alpha), clique number (omega). Moreover, we give the Nordhaus-Gaddum-type result for number of spanning trees. ; Faculty research Fund, Sungkyunkwan University; National Research Foundation - Korean governmentKorean Government [2013R1A1A2009341]; Research Project Office of Selcuk UniversitySelcuk University; Research Project Office of Uludag UniversityUludag University; TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) ; The authors are grateful to the referees for their valuable comments, which lead to an improvement of the original manuscript. This paper was prepared during the first author's visit in Selcuk and Uludag Universities. Moreover, we are thankful to Mr. SA Mojallal for computing the values in Example 1. The first author is supported by the Faculty research Fund, Sungkyunkwan University, 2012 and the National Research Foundation funded by the Korean government with the grant no. 2013R1A1A2009341. The second and the third authors are both partially supported by the Research Project Offices of Selcuk and Uludag Universities, and TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey).

The application of Geographic Information System (GIS) and election is a study that stresses geospatial aspects which gives support to election boundaries, election information management system along with GIS analysis in election boundaries. This article, as a concept, explains the role and function of GIS and geopolitics as an introduction to examine the election pattern in Malaysia. This study was aimed at understanding the issue that influenced youth voters in DUN Nusajaya to cast their votes in General Election, thus charting new strategies for future election. In doing so, nine issues are carefully selected and analysed from a geographical perspective by using GIS method. Socio-demographic data, issues influenced and assessment of state political figure, are used to explore geographic variability in relationships between each variable at a detailed spatial level. Spatial analysis using geographically weighted regression (GWR) was employed, which enables the investigation of local variations in voting patterns. The results demonstrate that assessment of state political figures do vary over geographic space and some of the variables that are traditionally assumed affect certain locations.

The application of Geographic Information System (GIS) and election is a study that stresses geospatial aspects which gives support to election boundaries, election information management system along with GIS analysis in election boundaries. This article, as a concept, explains the role and function of GIS and geopolitics as an introduction to examine the election pattern in Malaysia. This study was aimed at understanding the issue that influenced youth voters in DUN Nusajaya to cast their votes in General Election, thus charting new strategies for future election. In doing so, nine issues are carefully selected and analysed from a geographical perspective by using GIS method. Socio-demographic data, issues influenced and assessment of state political figure, are used to explore geographic variability in relationships between each variable at a detailed spatial level. Spatial analysis using geographically weighted regression (GWR) was employed, which enables the investigation of local variations in voting patterns. The results demonstrate that assessment of state political figures do vary over geographic space and some of the variables that are traditionally assumed affect certain locations.

A European research project METefnet addresses a fundamental obstacle to improving energy-intensive drying process control: due to ambiguous reference analysis methods and insufficient methods for estimating uncertainty in moisture measurements, the achievable accuracy in the past was limited and measurement uncertainties were largely unknown. This paper reports the developments in METefnet that provide a sound basis for the SI traceability: four new primary standards for realizing the water mass fraction were set up, analyzed and compared to each other. The operation of these standards is based on combining sample weighing with different water vapor detection techniques: cold trap, chilled mirror, electrolytic and coulometric Karl Fischer titration. The results show that an equivalence of 0.2 % has been achieved between the water mass fraction realizations and that the developed methods are applicable to a wide range of materials. ; The SIB64 METefnet project is funded by the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) that is jointly funded by the EMRP participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union.

We demonstrated that some non-synonymous and synonymous mutations in $\textit{gyrA}$ in $\textit{Mycobacterium tuberculosis}$ result in systematic false-resistance results to fluoroquinolones using the Hain GenoType MTBDRsl assays (version 1 and 2) by preventing the binding of wild-type probes. Moreover, such mutations can prevent the binding of mutant probes, designed for the identification of specific resistance mutations. Although these mutations are likely rare globally, they occur in approximately 7% of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains in some settings. ; T.M.W. is a University of Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) academic clinical lecturer. N.A. was supported by a doctoral study fund from Colciencias. T.S. was supported by grants from the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation and the Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation. F.C. was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant 201344/Z/16/Z). D.W.C. and T.E.A.P. are NIHR senior investigators supported by the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, NIHR Oxford Health Protection Research Unit on Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance (grant HPRU-2012-10041), and the Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grant T5-358). S.N. was supported by grants from the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), the European Union TB-PAN-NET (grant FP7-223681), and PathoNgenTrace (grant 278864). S.J.P. was supported by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grants HICF-T5-342 and WT098600), a parallel funding partnership between the UK Department of Health and Wellcome Trust. C.U.K. is a junior research fellow at Wolfson College, Cambridge.