Suchergebnisse

Independent mobility of children living in the barrack is declining over the last four decades due to its unfriendly environment. There are limited studies on children-environment relationships in Nigeria, especially in the barrack. Available studies from social sciences and public health studies lack policy connection with the child-friendly environment for improved independent mobility. Hence, this study aimed to develop a child-friendly barrack environment policy framework for enhanced independent movement of children. The safety and security, barrack environmental quality, basic services, quality of housing, and children's participation were five characteristics of a child-friendly environment considered. They exogenously predicted improved independent mobility of children in the barrack. On the other hand, the endogenous construct consists of the land-use change, destination accessibility, home range, travel time, and population density of the barrack. A total of 390 parent and primary school children aged 5-12 living in the Nigerian Air Force Barrack in Kaduna jointly assessed the five barrack environment characteristics and five indicators of children's independent mobility. The survey questionnaire was analysed using SPSS and PLS-SEM. Consequently, the principal component analysis showed high factor loading for the five characteristics and four independent mobility indicators except for the land use that fell below 0.7 thresholds. The outer weights of the reflexive measurement items were high which signified strong correlations. Hence, barrack environment characteristics strongly predicted improved independent mobility of children. Thus, the structural model's path coefficient of 0.585 explained 58.5% variance in the independent mobility of children in the barrack residential area. The coefficient of determination R2 value is 0.342, and the p-value is at 0.000 level of significance. It provided an environment planning policy framework to monitor interventions and halt the declining rates of children's ...

Independent mobility means children's opportunity of free play in the neighborhood without adult supervision. Meanwhile, mobility restriction has affected child environmental friendliness of military barrack community in developing countries including Nigeria. The aim of this study is to explore underlying parameters of independent mobility in advancing child-friendly barrack. Thirty journal articles in children's environment studies were reviewed and analyzed in relation to military geographies and its built environment. Children's level of independent mobility influences their physical, social, cognitive, and emotional developments. Consequently, walking or cycling-friendly environment as active travel mode for children was found to have positively contributed to improved quality of life.

Worldwide population is rapidly growing economically and politically. Hence, countries have challenges of conserving its heritage properties. However, the rapid development is emerging, ignoring the existing architectural relic on the assets. Thereby fading away historical value and loss of asset's identity. Lack of optimum reuse decision-making and less application of the available models contributed to such phenomenon, particularly in developing countries. Consequently, this study aimed at appraising the models adopted in developed countries by reviewing 9 Journal articles from year 1999 to 2017. As a result, Europe and USA were found to have the practice of conserving their built assets.

The camera is a tool which can give young children an opportunity to express their thoughts and provide adults with a tangible evidence of their preferences. This study is to explore young children thoughts and preferences of their preschool environment through words and photographs. Eighteen young children of age four and five was given a camera to take pictures of their preschool in pairs. Children were interviewed on their photographs selection and their conversation was recorded. Results show there are differences and similarities on the children preferences on the physical elements in the preschool environment.

This study explored the extent to which the enormous development in Bandung City, Indonesia has some bearing on local children as the youngest inhabitants. In particular, it focused on the issue of children's independent mobility and the availability of friendly play environments in children's neighbourhoods. The result of this study showed that the development of Bandung City has created a disparity in access regarding children's opportunities for mobility as well as participation in friendly play environments. This study identified that many children were allowed to visit two places — local shops and the local mosque — without accompanying elders. This study also recognised children's desires to have appropriately designed play spaces, such as parks that are equipped with play equipment and rich in nature. Thus, this study argues the necessity to preserve the remaining and add a significant number of new, free, outdoor play spaces in the city.

Becoming an Accessible City in developing countries has mitigating barriers as compared to developed countries. It is comprehensive to non-discriminate PwDs in access and facilities for equal opportunity. Accessibility legislation of different nations has various success in implementing and enforcing Universal Design through regulatory, government initiatives, and planning approaches. ASEAN developing nations have awareness and advocacy, because the fragmentary built environment, resulting in Accessible City concept that has not strived to expectation. Eliciting from interviews of access consultants and city planning regulations from London, Oslo, and Singapore. Conclusively, extraction of inclusion strategies is to be adapted for implementation in Malaysia. Keywords: Accessible City; Universal Design; Inclusion strategies; developing countries. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4).2913

Abstract
In 2016, the World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH) published its Forum Report on precision medicine "PRECISION MEDICINE - A GLOBAL ACTION PLAN FOR IMPACT". Healthcare is undergoing a transformation, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to generate new data and support the advent of precision medicine (PM). Recent scientific breakthroughs and technological advancements have improved our disease knowledge and altered diagnosis and treatment approaches resulting in a more precise, predictive, preventative and personalized health care that is customized for the individual patient. Consequently, the big data revolution has provided an opportunity to apply artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to mine such a vast data set. Additionally, personalized medicine promises to revolutionize healthcare, with its key goal of providing the right treatment to the right patient at the right time and dose, and thus the potential of improving quality of life and helping to bring down healthcare costs.
This policy briefing will look in detail at the issues surrounding continued development, sustained investment, risk factors, testing and approval of innovations for better strategy and faster process. The paper will serve as a policy bridge that is required to enhance a conscious decision among the powers-that-be in Qatar in order to find a way to harmonize multiple strands of activity and responsibility in the health arena. The end goal will be for Qatar to enhance public awareness and engagement and to integrate effectively the incredible advances in research into healthcare systems, for the benefit of all patients.
The PM policy briefing provides concrete recommendations on moving forward with PM initiatives in Qatar and internationally. Equally important, integration of PM within a primary care setting, building a coalition of community champions through awareness and advocacy, finally, communicating PM value, patient engagement/empowerment and education/continued professional development programs of the healthcare workforce.
Key recommendations for implementation of precision medicine inside and outside Qatar:




Create Community Awareness and PM Education Programs





Engage and Empower Patients





Communicate PM Value





Develop appropriate Infrastructure and Information Management Systems





Integrate PM into standard Healthcare System and Ensure Access to Care



PM is no longer futuristic. It is here. Implementing PM in routine clinical care does require some investment and infrastructure development. Invariably, cost and lack of expertise are cited as barriers to PM implementation. Equally consequential, are the curriculum and professional development of medical care experts.
Policymakers need to lead and coordinate effort among stakeholders and consider cultural and faith perspectives to ensure success. It is essential that policymakers integrate PM approaches into national strategies to improve health and health care for all, and to drive towards the future of medicine precision health.