Suchergebnisse

Problem setting. At the present stage of the nation, the problem of subject determination of the Ukrainian national idea becomes more urgent and requires understanding both in society and in the scientific community. Recent research and publications analysis. The problems of research of the Ukrainian national idea are mainly focused on generalizing the historical experience of the Ukrainian state-building through the prism of forming the national idea and understanding the process offormation and content of the Ukrainian national idea. Paper objective. The purpose of the study is to clarify the substantive certainty of the Ukrainian national idea at the present stage of nationalization. The following tasks are solved for its realization: to follow the meaningful evolution of the concept «Ukrainian national idea», to define its historical connotations. Paper main body. It is found that the formation of the Ukrainian national idea begins in parallel with the processes of nationalization - already in the 16-17 centuries. The first attempts were made to formulate the outline of the national idea of the Ukrainians, however, the active search for the formula of the Ukrainian national idea dates back to the 19 century. public associations of the first quarter of the twentieth century, especially during the Ukrainian Revolution. It is proved that with the gaining of independence there is a kind of Renaissance of the Ukrainian national idea, which took place against the background of the revival of national traditions of the Ukrainian people, the achievement of its spiritual unity. It has been found out that the national idea is a moving, dynamic phenomenon that reflects the common interest, the common needs of the nation and the representation of the nation's representatives about the complex of means necessary for its progressive and sustainable development. Such means are an effective socio-economic management system based on political, economic, legal, moral subsystems. The worldviews of such a system are ...

The insufficiently studied perspective of regional history related to the identification and characterization of essential features, socio-economic factors and features of the spread of begging and vagrancy as organic components in the structure of deviant phenomena of everyday life in southern Ukraine during the NEP actualizes and analyzes in the article. On the basis of modern theoretical and methodological approaches and methods and representative sources (including archival) it is proved that the most powerful catalysts of their then surge were the devastating consequences of the First World and Civil Wars, total devastation, famine of 1921–1923, migration, without migration. Relevant statistical data have been processed and published. The kinship (common roots) of begging and vagrancy caused by the long-lasting and all-encompassing crisis of society, total and rapidly growing impoverishment and marginalization of the population, the emergence of large masses of disadvantaged people in the South of the republic, deprived of basic social support by the Soviet authorities and the public.The author emphasizes that despite all the shortcomings, miscalculations and contradictions of the then Bolshevik steps to clean the "social bottom" in the region and reincarnate its bearers in the course of normal, full life, this instructive historical experience has not lost some of its relevance today, and therefore could be useful in the development and implementation of appropriate social programs in Ukraine, where under the influence of deep transformation processes, intensive property stratification of society, progressive poverty of the majority of citizens, a fairly high level of such anomalies is consistently recorded.

The article deals with an interesting but insufficiently and not clearly enough discussed in the historiographical process research perspective, which is related to the reconstruction, from the present day viewpoint, of the efforts and attempts of the national political elite to implement the idea of state autonomy of Ukraine through the mechanism of the so-called All-Russian Constituency (Constituent Assembly) during the existence of the Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR) and taking into account the choice of the model of democratic social progress in the late 1917 – early 1918. This storyline is considered in the context of political activity of the Central Rada and its leaders M. Hrushevsky, V. Vinnychenko, other participants of the national-liberation movement of the Ukrainian Revolution (I. Mazepa, D. Doroshenko, etc.), implementation of certain steps to legitimize this institute as the supreme body of government and governance on the territory of Ukraine of that time, the consolidation of the political party on the basis of the traditions and experience of national government.Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of universals of the Central Rada in the course of strengthening its power positions, search and realization of the optimal formula of national and territorial autonomy of Ukraine, exercisingits right of final approval as the All-Russian "founder" (2nd Universal), formation of the UNR (3rd Universal) etc. The article makes an emphasis on the aggravation of the UNR relations with the Bolshevik government of Russia as a result of its ultimatum to the Rada and the unleashing of war against the UNR.The results of the elections in Ukraine which took place before the All-Russian and Ukrainian Constituent Assembly are described in the article. In addition, the rating of the main political forces in the regional dimension, first to be formed through such a democratic procedure, is studied. The substantiated conclusion is made about the actual failure of the phenomenon of the Constituency being dismissed by the Bolshevik government as a long-awaited tool in the public and political sphere for resolving the Ukrainian issue, the rapid decline in society under pressure of many factors of authority and influence of the Central Rada, the final collapse of its illusions to achieve a real autonomy of Ukraine under Moscow's supervision.