Suchergebnisse

This study is devoted to the problem of the formation of Ukraine's innovative economy in the context of a European Union Association Agreement. The main objective of the article is to study the consequences of the signing of Association Agreements between Ukraine and the EU, to identify the benefits and problems, and to propose promising directions of such cooperation in the context of the formation of the innovative economy of Ukraine. The research methodology is based on foreign and Ukrainian scientific literature and statistical data analysis (within the last five years) to show collaboration between the EU and Ukraine. The priority directions of such collaboration areas are such as the introduction of the all-embracing implementation strategy, sponsorship system's creation of Ukrainian exports to the EU, a stimulation of development of innovations within the framework of realization of the international programs, the introduction of certification norms and standardization of products in Ukraine and others. The results of the study can be useful for scholars, ministries, institutions that are engaged in this range of issues. ; Šis tyrimas skirtas Ukrainos inovatyvios ekonomikos formavimosi problemai atsižvelgiant į Europos Sąjungos asociacijos susitarimą. Pagrindinis šio straipsnio tikslas yra ištirti Ukrainos ir ES asociacijos sutarčių pasirašymo pasekmes, nustatyti naudą ir problemas bei pasiūlyti perspektyvias tokio bendradarbiavimo kryptis formuojant inovatyvią Ukrainos ekonomiką. Tyrimo metodika yra pagrįsta užsienio ir Ukrainos moksline literatūra ir statistinių duomenų analize (per pastaruosius penkerius metus) siekiant parodyti ES ir Ukrainos bendradarbiavimą. Tokių bendradarbiavimo sričių prioritetinės kryptys yra visapusiškos įgyvendinimo strategijos įvedimas, rėmimo sistemos sukurtas Ukrainos eksportas į ES, inovacijų plėtros skatinimas įgyvendinant tarptautines programas, sertifikavimo įvedimas. normos ir gaminių standartizavimas Ukrainoje ir kt. Tyrimo rezultatai gali būti naudingi mokslininkams, ministerijoms, įstaigoms, kurios užsiima šia klausimų sritimi.

The subject of the article was the analysis of the state regulatory policy in the field of securing foreign economic activity and the development of relevant directions for its adaptation in the conditions of martial law. In the study, the regulatory and legal support for the implementation of foreign economic activity in Ukraine was formed. Peculiarities of implementation of international trade activities in the conditions of martial law are determined. The losses of Ukraine's industrial potential during military operations are analyzed. The rates of decline of export and import operations during the period of martial law are estimated. Regulatory activity of the authorities with respect to stabilization of foreign economic activity and directions with respect to support of business entities have been studied. The conclusions highlight areas related to the support and activation of economic activity, which are aimed at creating the necessary conditions for the formation of a positive climate of innovation and investment, efficient and safe logistic flows, and a regulatory and legal field that is adapted to the standards of European countries.

Following on from categories of theoretical and empirical levels of learning, the revision of the modern economic policy instruments is made for the purpose of their compliance with the directions of the (macro)economic theories, determination of the objectives of its actualization, and also revealing its stabilizing and allocative functions in the process of its acquisition of the international economic policy attributes. It's established that economic theory, which is per se a dynamic, open, and unstable system of the economic knowledge that is based on corresponding assumptions and presumes simplified modeling of the economic processes because of the limitations of the offered methods, demonstrates low explicative ability in the course of analysis requested when choosing one or another economic policy according to the challenges of times. It's proved that although different economic theories can be an effective tool in the rivalry for unfair intellectual arguments in favor of one or another political decision in particular cases, the economic policy typically doesn't look like a way of mechanistic implementation of theoretical generalization. Although the rivalry with the help of the analytical arguments between the followers of the fiscal and monetary instruments of the macroeconomic policy allowed to get the intermediate result within the New macroeconomic consensus (NMC) with regard to recognition of the monetary policy precedence in the realization of the low rate of the price advance, the experience of the global financial crisis in 2008 – 2010 and global recession in 2020 threw into question the ability of the stabilization programs developed on the basis of NMC recommendations to achieve the expected results. The experience of the last decade marked with combination of the instability of both cyclical and structural and systemic nature, formed the demand for recognition of the fiscal policy as the stabilization programs' component of the full value. In a bid for interpretation of the ways and aftermaths of the realization of the international economic policy the demand is made for the forming of the new scientific consensual evaluations and theoretical generalizations.

An analysis of government programs for macroeconomic stabilization of selected countries is made to establish their compliance with scientific approaches that determine the political choice in favor of the use of monetary and/or fiscal instruments for stimulation of economic activity based on the revision of the substantive provisions of neoclassical synthesis and the new macroeconomic consensus to highlight the peculiarities of interpretation of macroeconomic processes, the nature of cyclical fluctuations and ways to level and adjust them. It is established that the most popular in the political sphere are the conclusions of the new neoclassical synthesis (New Consensus in Macroeconomics), which combines the new Keynesian approach and the real business cycle approach, however, they are also adjusted in any form, depending on the priority of the government. (the desire to achieve full employment; price stabilization; economic growth and balance of payments; efficient use of limited resources), provide mostly short-term planning horizon, which complicates the exit from the "vicious circle" of economic policy, when its dynamic development becomes hostage to the need for constant adaptation in accordance with the changing conditions, which it itself by its own adjustment causes. It was found that in the situation of the Coronavirus crisis the issues of combating the simultaneous shocks of supply and demand, and unemployment in particular, are recognized as a priority and sought to be addressed through a combination of monetary and fiscal policy tools, including regulatory competition by neoprotectionism. defined by us as a set of principles, tools and methods of regulatory policy in international trade, international capital movements and foreign investment, as well as international monetary, financial and credit relations, the imperative of which is to stimulate socio-economic development and economic growth by creating conditions for increasing the economic activity of all economic entities.