Suchergebnisse

Critical Political Economy (CPE) has a long-standing pre-disciplinary tradition that can also be understood as a post-disciplinary or a trans-disciplinary approach. The central argument of this article is that CPE represents a proper basis for Global Political Economy (GPE). This is for three fundamental reasons: first, CPE's purpose and perspective but also its ethical foundations, and its siding with the exploited and the oppressed make it extremely useful for the study of the GPE. While CPE is based on the tradition of Marx, it also allows for integrating insights from other approaches, disciplines and fields. Second, the dialectical methodology of CPE that starts with the analysis of concrete reality that provides the basis to systematically integrate different perspectives without falling into the trap of tracing causality to simplified and reified abstract concepts in GPE. Third, building the analysis on a materialist ground is essential for GPE. The merits of a materialist foundation become particularly obvious in view of the global ecological crisis and highlight important contradictions of the capitalist mode of production. It is concluded that rooting GPE in a tradition of CPE understood along these lines is crucial for a proper understanding and for systematically reflecting the challenges of today and tomorrow and emancipatory progressive strategies and struggles.

Abstract Sustainable green finance is often promoted as an innovative tool to deal with environmental problems. This paper assesses policy proposals at the level of the EU and UNCTAD's Green New Deal, specifically regarding its suggestions in the field of sustainable finance. It provides a theoretical framework in the tradition of critical political economy and combines a global perspective with regulation theory in order to assess different strategies in the area of sustainable finance. The respective proposals and initiatives can be considered as possible blueprints for hegemonic strategies within different contexts. However, the analysis suggests both proposals, although substantially different and representing different entities in the international political economy, fail to provide a systematic answer to the problems of a highly unequal over-use of natural and environmental resources at a global level.

"Vor dem Hintergrund der problematischen sozialen Entwicklungen in Lateinamerika, charakterisiert durch wirtschaftliche Stagnation und hohe Armut, geht der Artikel der Frage nach, was die Ursachen für die Durchsetzung spezifischer Muster der Sozialpolitik in Lateinamerika sind. Im Rahmen eines kurzen historischen Abrisses werden sowohl die Bestimmungsgründe für die breite Herausbildung einer spezifischen Form der Sozialpolitik seit den 1930er Jahren als auch die Ursachen für die neoliberale Transformation dieses Politikfelds seit Beginn der 1980er Jahre analysiert. Während das Credo internationaler Finanzinstitutionen für Sozialpolitik in den 80er Jahren 'Ausgabenkürzung' hieß, stand in den 1990er Jahren ein Umbau der Sozialpolitik nach neoliberalem Muster im Vordergrund. Insgesamt stellt sich heraus, dass spezifische Sozialpolitikmuster eng mit ökonomischen Entwicklungsmodellen verbunden sind." (Autorenreferat)

Whilst real estate capital became a driving force in analyses of urban development, urban land rent theory has made only very limited progress during the past decade. There are a number of reasons for this – such as a weak conceptualization of the role of political agency, for example. Hence, a way out of this relative stagnation, by attempting to systematically develop an integrated view on structure and agency in the context of urban land rent, is offered in this article. Advances in critical theory, thinking about space and dialectic reasoning contribute to the development of a new perspective on land rent. Land rent is conceptualized as a middle‐range theory. In order to bring together concrete urban phenomena with the general process of political‐economic development, a systematic link between land rent theory and the theoretical apparatus of the French Regulation School is developed. The reformulation of land rent theory from a regulationist perspective underlines the importance of the institutional context (and its changes) for an understanding of rent and its role in the urban context. In so doing, land rent theory proves to be a very useful tool for providing an integrated political‐economic perspective for analyses of urban phenomena. This is illustrated briefly in the cases of Vienna and Montevideo.Si le capital immobilier est devenu un point central des analyses du développement urbain, la théorie n'a guère progressé au cours de la dernière décennie. Plusieurs facteurs sont en cause, telle la faible conceptualisation du rôle politique d'agence. Cet article propose donc une porte de sortie à cette relative stagnation, en tentant de construire systématiquement une vision intégrée de la structure et l'agence dans le cadre de la rente urbaine. Les progrès en matière de théorie critique, réflexion en termes d'espace et raisonnement dialectique facilitent l'élaboration d'une nouvelle perspective sur la location foncière, laquelle est conceptualisée en tant que théorie intermédiaire. Afin de regrouper phénomènes urbains concrets et processus général d'aménagement politico‐économique, une relation systématique est établie entre la théorie sur la rente foncière et l'appareil théorique de l'École Française de Régulation. Reformuler la théorie sur la rente foncière d'un point de vue régulationiste souligne combien le contexte institutionnel (et ses changements) est important pour comprendre la rente et son rôle dans le cadre urbain. Ce faisant, la théorie sur la rente foncière se révèle un outil très utile pour créer une perspective politico‐économique intégrée permettant d'analyser les phénomènes urbains. Cet aspect est brièvement illustré dans les cas de Vienne et Montevideo.

Die Arbeit analysiert, wie die (Parteien-)Demokratie im Vereinigten Königreich – als ein Staat ohne Verfassungsurkunde – funktioniert. So agieren die britischen Parteien in einem bemerkenswerten Rechtsrahmen zwischen Innovationsoffenheit und Traditionsbewusstsein: Während sich das noch junge Parteiengesetz – der Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000 – nur implizit zur Organisation der Parteien äußert, wird das hergebrachte Common Law-Prinzip der Vereinigungsfreiheit – das per se sogar undemokratisch verfasste Parteien zulässt – heute durch europäisch indizierte Antidiskriminierungsgesetze eingeschränkt. Zudem sind jene Parteien, die sich als Unternehmen nach dem Companies Act 2006 organisieren, zu einer gesellschaftsrechtlichen innerparteilichen shareholder democracy verpflichtet. Die abschließende Betrachtung der jüngst durchgeführten basisdemokratischen Parteiführerwahlen (insb. der Labour Party) zeigt die mit alledem verbundenen Herausforderungen im Lichte der britischen Traditionen und (Rechts-)Kultur auf. / »Evolution and Organisation of Mass Parties in the UK. Leadership Elections and the Legal Principle of Intra-party Democracy«: The British legal system has always been a curiosity to continental lawyers, in particular the (law of the) political process. Historically, British parties are free to choose their internal structure. Thus, they can be Internet-based mass membership parties or leader-centered one-member parties. This thesis explains how British party law, developed under the classical concept of liberalism, responds normatively to the legal, political, and social challenges it faces in modern society.

"Exploring how green finance has become a key strategy for the financial industry in the wake of the 2007-08 financial crisis, this timely book critically assesses the current dominant forms of neoliberal green finance. Understanding Green Finance delivers a pioneering analysis of the topic, covering the essential tenets of green finance with an emphasis on critical approaches to mainstream views and presenting alternatives insights and perspectives. This prescient book first introduces the concept of, and current approaches to, green finance and green monetary policy, ultimately presenting a range of potential alternatives including both reformist and transformative-progressive approaches. Chapters explore how neoliberal green finance tends to deepen financialisation, and does not effectively address environmental problems, offering insights into reformist forms of green finance that insist that state regulation and public financing are crucial to tackling environmental problems. A crucial contribution to the debate surrounding the financial industry's role in addressing the environmental crisis, this book will be beneficial for academics and students with an interest in environmental, ecological and financial economics. The accessible writing style will also prove valuable for policy makers, civil society professionals and financial and sustainability experts"-- Provided by publisher