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Two main themes have been emphasized in recent description and interpretation of English political behaviour. One theme traces the stability of our political system to a widespread attachment to the civic values of submission to authority and an intermittent popular participation. The other theme explains support (at least among the manual working class) for the Conservative party in terms of deference to a traditional elite and/or a pragmatic appraisal of that party's economic and welfare capabilities. Little attention has been paid to the validity of either interpretation or to the relations between them. Accordingly, this paper first reviews the evidence for both themes and attempts to relate them, and then introduces some new survey data to throwfurther light on this problematic subject.

2 main themes have been emphasized in recent description & interpretation of English pol'al behavior: one traces the stability of the pol'al system to a widespread attachment to the civic values of submission to authority & an intermittent popular participation; the other explains support for the Conservative Party (at least among the manual We) in terms of deference to a traditional elite &/or a pragmatic appraisal of that party's econ & welfare capabilities. The evidence for both themes is reviewed, an attempt is made to relate them, & some new & relevant survey data are introduced. It appears that both themes (deference & civility) are inadequate. The deference theme employed 2 diff concepts of 'deference' & stressed the less interesting one: further, 'S-cul deference' was found to be a better interpretation of Me behavior than of We behavior. The civility model was insufficiently rigorous & confused central values with a sociol'al model of behavior. The evidence suggest that a culturological perspective on att's towards democracy is more fruitful; a more explicit use of pol'al culture perspectives & theory is required if one is to concentrate on pol'al orientations & behavior, for it is these that give meaning & form to pol'al behavior & pol'al systems. IPSA.