Suchergebnisse

1. Introduction -- 2. The Price of Oysters (demand and supply) -- 3. When You've Got to Go, You've Got to Go (pricing) -- 4. The Competition is Tough (perfect competition) -- 5. Why Trade is Good 1 (economic welfare) -- 6. Last Copy, Sir: Double Price (monopoly) -- 7. The Kursaal Flyers (game theory and oligopoly) -- 8. Gizza Job (labour markets) -- 9. Greta's Expectations (externalities and the environment) -- 10. Why Trade is Good 2 (international trade) -- 11. Well, What Do You Know? (information economics) -- 12. Don't Behave Like That (behavioural economics) -- 13. The Swings and Roundabouts of Outrageous Fortune (business cycles) -- 14. If It Moves, Tax It (fiscal policy) -- 15. The Employers and the Employed (unemployment) -- 16. Interesting Times (monetary policy) -- 17. From Small Things, Big Things Come (modern approaches to macroeconomics) -- 18. Growing Pains (economic growth).

Data from a bespoke Totaljobs survey of workers in the UK are used to revisit issue of workers' willingness to migrate in order to enhance their career opportunities. Demographic variables such as age, gender, and family circumstances are found to have high explanatory power. Education is also an important cofactor, as is the individual's current income – though the latter has a highly nonlinear effect. Workers located in the north east – a region relatively remote from other large population centres, and one with a strong and distinct cultural identity – are significantly less likely to express a willingness to move. The paper is novel in two respects: in identifying the role played by individual income in mobility, and in allowing for the potential endogeneity of variables associated with attitudes to risk-taking.

Purpose
A quarterly series of gig economy activity in the regions of the UK is constructed. Patterns of regional linkages are identified and the implications of spatial patterns for policymakers, businesses, workers and institutions are highlighted.


Design/methodology/approach
The Labour Force Survey data on main job self-employment in key gig economy sectors are used to construct the series. These are then analysed using vector autoregression techniques to identify patterns in the data and provide provisional forecasts.


Findings
The incidence of gig economy activity is greatest in the London region, characterised by high population density and a concentration of service sectors in which gig economy work, particularly of a highly skilled nature, takes place. Growth of gig economy activity in other regions has been more modest. In London, the percentage of workers in the gig economy is expected to rise to around 6.5 per cent over the next few years, while in other regions, the percentage is expected to settle at between 3 and 4.5 per cent.


Originality/value
These are the first regional estimates to be provided of the extent of gig economy activity. This is important in the context of discussions about the future of work, not least because regional disparities imply the need for policies addressing insecurity to have a spatial dimension.

AbstractFor many parameter vectors, the sustainable configuration of an industry where multiproduct firms have CES cost functions fails to imply the existence of a multiplicity of multiproduct firms.

An empirical model is estimated which evaluates the determinants of labour market participation and occupational choice. The response of the latter to changes in expected earnings is somewhat weaker amongst women, especially married women, than amongst men. One interpretation of this finding is that occupational segregation is present.

This paper surveys the literature concerning the operation of incentive mechanisms within and across higher education institutions. A principal‐agent model of intra‐institution resource allocation is developed, and its implications are compared with some of the resource allocation models currently in operation in British universities. At the inter‐institutional level, the model is adapted to the case where a funding council serves as principal to many agents—the universities. Evidence on the scale and scope economies, and on the technical efficiency of UK universities is presented. It is argued that the received models of resource allocation should be amended so as to encourage the development of the university system in the direction of the sustainable configuration and so as to allow for differences in efficiency across budgetary units.